Protective Effect of Astaxanthin on Renal System in Rabbits Treated with Levofloxacin
Protective Effect of Astaxanthin on Renal System in Rabbits Treated with Levofloxacin
Mohammed Hayder Asker1*, Hashim H. Al-Zuaini1, Dina Sabah Al-saeed1, Reyam E. Ahmed2, Hamzah Hatem Kareem3
ABSTRACT
Common fluoroquinolone antibiotic known as Levofloxacin was also reported to have caused renal toxicity because of its effect of generation of oxidative stress and inflammation. Astaxanthin, an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory carotenoid might help provide renoprotection against such nephrotoxicity. This work was designed to assess the efficacy of Astaxanthin in an experimental model of established Levofloxacin induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits. Forty male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: conducted for three groups of rabbits; vehicle control, Levofloxacin (10 mg/kg), Astaxanthin (5 mg/kg), and Levofloxacin with Astaxanthin, each given daily for 14 days. ELISA was used to measure renal injury biomarkers, NGAL, KIM-1, IL 18 and IL 8). The degree of renal damage and KIM-1 activity were assessed in renal tissues by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Using the serum biomarkers NGAL and KIM-1, the study indicated severe renal injury in the Levofloxacin group. The biomarker levels of Cholesterol; Protein; Urea; Creatinine were significantly in Astaxanthin group, which was like control group indicating no kidney damage. The combination group had significant increase by 40% in NGAL and moderate decrease in KIM-1 expression compared to the Levofloxacin group hence showing that Astaxanthin offered protection. Histopathological changes were also similar to these results including decreased tubular necrosis and interstitial inflammation in combination group. These results imply that Astaxanthin alleviate Levofloxacin induced nephrotoxicity through their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory features therefore endorsing its candidacy as a renal protective agent.
Keywords | Astaxanthin, Levofloxacin, Renal toxicity, Antioxidant therapy, Nephroprotection, Immunohistochemical
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May 2025
Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci., Vol. 13, Iss. 5,
