Immunological Evaluation of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) of SpA Vaccine from Cases of Mastitis in Cows
Immunological Evaluation of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) of SpA Vaccine from Cases of Mastitis in Cows
Sabrin Ibraheem Mohsin*, Aida Bara Allawe
ABSTRACT
Mastitis is a prevalent and economically significant disease affecting dairy cows globally. The disease is regarded as a significant welfare concern within the dairy business, with the loss of productivity and the premature culling or mortality of affected cows. Losses are attributable to the elevated expenses of veterinary pharmaceuticals and the financial impact of unsalable milk from treated cows. Mastitis may result from either infectious or environmental diseases, both of which are more effectively prevented than treated. The predominant pathogen isolated from infected udders is Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus). Consequently, there exists a worldwide requirement for the advancement of innovative therapeutic procedures. S. aureus exhibits several virulence factors. Protein A (SpA) is a significant contender for immunization. In this case, SpA gene was cloned in to PET28a plasmid for purification with six Histag.100 mg of SpA recombinant protein was synthesized once the recombinant SpA protein was obtained Forty_ eight Female lactating BALB/C mice were divided into four groups: Group 1 (G1) was injected intramammary with phosphate buffer saline, Group 2 (G2) was injected with intra mammary with S. aureus only, Group 3 (G3) was administered 20 μg of SpA protein subcutaneous only, and Group 4 (G4) was subcutaneously injected with 20 μg of SpA protein mixed with an equal volume of incomplete Freund’s adjuvant. A booster dose of the vaccine was given after 14 days. At 21 days, the mice were challenged with 5 × 10^8 S.aureus, and serum samples were collected at 7 days post-challenge.enzyme linked immunosobant assay (ELISA) was utilized to evaluate interleukin 12 (IL12) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in sera samples.The serum samples exambed by Eliza showed there was significant differences (p < 0.05) in IL12 , IFN-γ between all vaccinated groups and the control group.The mice immunized with SpA vaccine and adjuvant showed a significant increase of IL12 , IFN-γ as compared with the control group (<0.05) . Also, The all vaccinated groups had lower bacterial count in their mammary glands as compared to group was given S. aureus only.The histopathological examination of the spleen in all vaccinated groups revealed reactive hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles were moderate to mild in white pulp of spleen with parafollicular and focal aggregations of mononuclear cells (histiocytes and lymphocytes), “eosinophilic amyloid-like material in dilated red blood sinuses.” cuffing and parafollicular infiltration of lymphocytes and diffuse infiltration of lymphocytes as compared to others groups.
Keywords | SpA vaccine, Incomplete freund’s adjuvant, IL12, IFN-γ, Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
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July 2025
Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci., Vol. 13, Iss. 7,
