4-methyloctanoic acid and 4-methylnonanoic acid concentrations (μg/g) in waist subcutaneous adipose tissue of male goats. The concentrations of 4-methyloctanoic acid and 4-methylnonanoic acid in oral and plasmid-injected KISS1 DNA vaccine groups (groups T1 and T2) and empty vector groups (groups C1 and C2) were detected at week 14 after primary immunisation after slaughter. Data are presented as mean ± SD.