Muhangi Denis
...may call for investing resources in changing disease management behaviour in managing this disease....
Arshad Ali Khan1, Muhammad Sajid1, Abdur Rab1, Sahib Alam2, Abdul Bari3
...om organic and inorganic sources on the growth, yield and fruit quality of two tomato cultivars i.e., Falcon and Rio Grande for two years. The response of tomato cultivars was assessed to six combina- tions viz. 0-0 (control), 100-0, 75-25, 50-50, 25-75 and 0-100% of poultry manure (PM) and Sul- phate of Potash (SOP). All the factors (K-sources, cultivars and years) alone and in combination sig- nificantly affected the growt...
Massimo Pigliucci, K.D.
...efense of free speech by sources with not exactly a stellar record in that department, and some of it has ranged from the woefully uninformed to the downright awful. It is, therefore, with some recalcitrance that I write these lines, particularly because I’m coming to the issue from what I feel is an increasingly rare point of view: that of a moderate liberal atheist....
Nisar Ahmad1*, Inayatullah Jan2, Saif Ullah1 and Sidra Pervez1
...acquiring loan and major sources of credit in district Jhang. This study is based on primary data collected in 2013 from eight villages in district Jhang – Punjab, Pakistan. The district was divided into four zones and two villages were selected from each zone. An equal number of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries, i.e. ten each, were selected from each village. Thus the total sample size was 160 farmers. Cobb Douglas Production Function (CDPF) was used...
Imdad Sohu1, Allah Wadhayo Gandahi2*, Ghulam Raza Bhutto2, Muhammad Salim Sarki2, Rabail Gandahi3
...e application of organic sources of farmyard manure and poultry manure in combination with inorganic NPK fertilizers had shown positive effect on chickpea plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of pods plant-1 and seed index. The growth and yield of chickpea significantly increased with the collective application of chemical fertilizers and organic manures. It is concluded that the application of half of recommended dose of NKP (18-36-10 kg ha-1) in...
Rick Repetti
...sp;primary and secondary sources, both Western and Buddhist. It is also one of the best philosophy books I’ve ever read—my few (minor) objections notwithstanding. Engaging Buddhism is directed primarily at a Western philosophical readership, but is of perhaps equal value to Buddhist philosophers insofar as it articulates many of Buddhism’s core philosophical values, to and for Western philosophy, and in a di...
Rabnawaz1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan2, Tahir Sarwar2, Mohammad Jamal Khan3
...stainable use of water resources in semi-arid environment. A field study was conducted during Rabi 2010-11 and Kharif 2011 crop seasons to compare the CWP of main crops (wheat, sugarcane, maize and tomato) under public and civil canal irrigation systems in Peshawar Valley. For this purpose, 18 farms were selected under public canal system and 13 under civil canal systems. Results revealed that average CWP of wheat, maize, sugarcane and...
Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro*, Habib-Ur-Rehman Memon, Muhammad Ali Ansari, Ahmed Naqi Shah
...red low-cost and natural sources for weed suppression. Field trials were undertaken at Cotton Section, Agriculture Research Institute, Tandojam Pakistan during summer 2010 and repeated during summer 2011 for validating the previous results. The experiments were laid out in three replicated randomized complete block design. The seed of cotton variety “Sindh-1” was sown through drilling in the 1st week of May each year. The treatm...
Shahid Ali1, Habib Akbar2, Mohammad Tariq Jan2, Mohammad Jamal Khan3 and Abdul Bari4
...The response of planting sources i.e. standing (fresh canes-frost exposed) trenched (stored canes-frost protected), cane portions and setts placement methods on the attributes of sugarcane were assessed at Sugar Crops Research Institute, Mardan-Pakistan. The experiment was conducted in RCB Design with split plot arrangement, over years (2012-13 and 2013-14). Planting sources i.e. standing (fresh canes frost exposed) trenched...
Shahab e Saqib, Mokbul Morshed Ahmad, Sanaullah Panezai, Hidayatullah, Khalid Khan Khattak
...rmal and informal credit sources, and to investigate their credit adequacy and the role of important socio-economic factors in access to credit. The data were collected from 87 farming households in Mardan Tehsil of Mardan District. Questionnaire was the main tool used to collect the data from farmers. The credit access ratio formula was employed that measured farmers’ access, in relative terms, to their landholdings. Likewise, credit adequacy formula wa...
Farmanullah Khan, Samad Khan, Wiqar Ahmad and Imran Khan
...utrition from integrated sources is advocated for higher productivity and soil fertility. The current research was designed to the exact ratio of nutrients from organic and inorganic sources for water eroded lands during 2007-08. The combination of nutrient sources tested were; control, NPK50 (50% NPK), NPK75 (75% NPK), NPK100 (100% NPK), FYM10 (10 t ha-1 FYM), NPK50+FYM10, NPK75+FYM10, NP...
Zafar Khan, Asad Sultan, Rajwali Khan, Sarzamin Khan, Imranullah and Kamran Farid
...eggs are one of the main sources of protein but if contaminated by toxic heavy metals will cause a harmful effect on human health. The concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn and Zn) present in poultry egg and meat were determined in the following three districts; Peshawar, Dir Lower and Malakand of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In all the three districts the egg albumen was found to contain significantly higher lev...
Mukhtiar Ahmed, Jana Pickova, Taufiq Ahmad, Muhammad Liaquat, Abid Farid, Muhammad Jahangir
...ons are one of the major sources of deterioration that occurs during manufacturing, storage, distribution and final preparation of foods. Lipid oxidation products are omnipresent in foods, although much variation exists in their kind and levels present. Although levels of these compounds are generally low, the problem of lipid oxidation severely compromises the quality of some food products and limits the shelf-life of others. Oxidative changes can cause ranci...
Abdur Rahim1, Ghulam Abbas1, Muhammad Naeem2, Sara Ferrando3, Lorenzo Gallus3, Noor Khan4, Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman4, Abdul Ghaffar5 and Abdul Mateen6
...anagement of fisheries resources will be required....
Zafar Waheed, Khalid Usman, Iftikhar Ali
...ith the major crop for resources and exhibits auto-toxicity when grown in association with wheat crop....
Abdul Baset1, Qun Liu1,*, Muhammad Tariq Hanif1, 2, Baochao Liao1, Aamir Mahmood Memon1,3 and Muhammad Mohsin1
...y: Clupeidae), fishery resources from Pakistani waters. The catch and effort data (1994 – 2009) were analyzed by CEDA (catch and effort data analysis) consists of Fox, Schaefer and Pella Tomlinson models and ASPIC (a surplus production model incorporating covariates) contain Fox and Logistic models. The average annual landings of S. longiceps stocks were 38 353 t while the highest and lowest 65 050 t in 1994 and 26 937 t in 2009 was recorded correspondin...
Bin Wang, Bo Zhang, Nan Yang, Liang Dou and Jianghong Ran*
...that variation in food resources might cause variation in demography and the frequency of cooperative breeding among populations....
Qamar Ali, Muhammad Ashfaq and Muhammad Tariq Iqbal Khan
.... Under utilization of resources was found for polythene sheet, fertilizers, chemicals, irrigation and labour days. Over utilization of resources was observed for seed quantity and use of tractor. There exist decreasing return to scale (87.7%) but its value will surely increase after efficient use of inputs. A little adjustment is required in the use of inputs for receiving more output. A comprehensive agricultural policy is...
Muhammad Aslam Shahid, Muhammad Iqbal and Muhammad Niamatullah
...ure of palm tree. Pollen sources play important role in fruit setting .The growers pollinate the date by using low potency pollen source and get low yield. Present studies were conducted with the aim to explore best pollen sources for maximum fruit set and yield. In this respect, an experiment was conducted during 2012 and 2013 to evaluate the male spath characteristics and to observe the effect of pollen
Abdur Rahim1, Ghulam Abbas1,*, Muhammad Naeem2, Sara Ferrando3, Lorenzo Gallus3, Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman4, Abdul Ghaffar5 and Abdul Mateen6
...enced by different lipid sources although low crude lipid was found in fish fed diet containing FO. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) and visrosomatic index (VSI) were greater in the fish fed FO diet than the remaining diets. Finally, it was concluded that fish oil is the best source of energy in fish diet followed by soybean oil for A. berda growing from 10.1 g and 69.2 g. Further study is required for optimization of fish oil level and replacement of FO w...
Effect of Supplemented Algal Carotenoid Diets on Skin Color of Tomato Clownfish, Amphiprion frenatus
Muge Aliye Hekimoglu*, Kgrşat Fırat, Şahin Saka, Cüney Suzer, Aysun Kop and Yaşar Durmaz
...m as natural pigment sources on skin color of tomato clownfish, Amphiprion frenatus. Two groups, each of 6 fish were fed on feed containing (69.8±9.158 mg.g-1) N. oculata (Group A), and 67.21±7.068 mg.g-1 of P. cruentum (Group B). The third group (Group C) was fed on control basal diet (34.93±29.07 mg.g-1). Total carotenoid content of fish skin was determined at30-day intervals. At ...
Sumra Ashraf1, Zain ul Abdin1,*, Saqi Kosar Abbas2,Rao Sohail Ahmad Khan3, Muhammad Tahir1, Sehrish Rasool1, Maryam Anwar1 and Fiaz Hussain1
...end on supplemental food sources, such as sugars and other carbohydrates. These food resources are commonly obtained from animal secretions or plant exudates which include honeydew, fruit juices and both floral and extra-floral nectar. A direct behavioral assay was conducted to investigate the dietary preference and effects of different diets on the fecundity, sex ratio and longevity of B. hebetor. Three different die...
Sehrish Rasool1, Zain ul Abdin1,*, Saqi Kosar Abbas2, Sumra Ashraf1, Maryam Anwer1, Atif Manzoor1, Muhammad Tahir1 and Hoor Shaina1
...ailability of nutrient resources, head size of the developing wasp was reduced. It may be concluded that intensity of competition among larvae of B. hebetor affects adult size and development that is directly proportional to the quantity of resources available.
...
Irum, Akram Shah*, Sobia Wahid, Nazma Habib Khan and Qaisar Jamal
...pecies in drinking water sources. A cross-sectional household survey was carried out using in-person questionnaire evaluation along with microscopic assessment of water samples for Cyclops species. Based on previous clinical records of dracunculiasis, five villages of Dera Ismail Khan including Kath Garh, Wanda Dost Ali, Chah Mundar Wala, Ketch and Gara Baloch were surveyed for a total of 206 randomly selected households, where the household heads (106 ...
M. Abdus Salam1, M. Moynul Haque2, Md. Obaidul Islam3, M. Nasir Uddin4 and Md. Nazmul Haque3*
...ed to genotypes and seed sources were observed for stand establishment, branch development, phenology, yield components, yield and fiber quality attributes of cotton. Yield and quality of cotton were significantly higher when crop was grown from seeds stored in polythene bag as compared to cloth bag. Interaction of genotypes and seed sources indicated that highest sympodial branches plant-1 (19.11), days to 50% flowering and...
Muhammad Khurshid1,2*, Muhammad Nafees1, Mehmet Somuncu2
...ibuted to the pastoral resources degradation and subsequent landless pastoralist’s marginalization in uplands of Naran. Extensive field surveys carried out during last three years (2013-2016) to understand crops encroachment process and its implications for pastoral resources. Land use-classes such as forest, agriculture, pastures and snow cover were recorded by means of Global Positioning System (GPS) and further proc...
Ahmad Khan1, Raza Ullah Khan1*, Muhammad Zameer Khan1, Fayyaz Hussain1,Muhammad Ehsan Akhtar2, Jalal-Ud-Din3
V. N. Jalgaonkar, M. S. Gawankar, V. W. Bendale and P. D. Patil
Efficacy of some insecticides against cashew tea mosquito bug Helopeltis antonii Sign
...of the major significant sources of foreign currency for our country and it is also one of the important crops of Konkan region of Maharashtra State. Nearly 60 different pests have been reported on cashew. Among them the Tea Mosquito Bug, Helopeltis antonii Sign. is the most serious one, which is responsible for considerable yield losses in cashew. A field trial was conducted during 2005 at Cashew Research Farm, Regional Fruit Research station, Vengurle, Dist....
Physiological Responses to Fasting and Refeeding in Apodemus chevrieri from Hengduan Mountain Region
Hai-Ji Zhang1, Di Zhang2, Dong-Min Hou1 and Wan-Long Zhu1,*
...e to the changing food resources. In order to investigate the physiological responses to fasting and refeeding in Apodemus chevrieri, body mass and body fat mass, resting metabolic rate (RMR), organs morphology, serum leptin levels and food intake were measured in the present study. The results showed that food deprivation decreased body mass and body fat mass. After refeeding, body mass can not be returned to the control value on refeeding 12 h, and it...
Baohua Chen1,2, Wenzhu Peng3, Jian Xu2, Jingyan Feng1,2, Chuanju Dong1,2 and Peng Xu2,3,*
...vide essential genomic resources for future biochemical, toxicological and physiological studies in common carp.
...
Jianping Gou, Jianli Xiong*, Baoxia Dong, Zhennan Liu and Manman Hou
...ds invest considerable resources into gamete production compared to males, and greater internal organs in females are a consequences of high energy requirements for reproduction, which favors females to produce more high-energy eggs.
...
Shah Saud Ahmad and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan*
...ublished and unpublished sources. Results of the present study revealed that majority (85%) respondents had joint families system. Almost (60%) respondents had landholdings up to five acres and majority (77%) respondents were involved on full time basis in agriculture whereas 80% of the respondents reported agriculture as their major source of income. FSC was the major source of agricultural information followed by agriculture extension department. More than h...
Dilshad Ahmad*, Muhammad Irfan Chani and Asad Afzal Humayon
...ck of potential use of resources in sugarcane crop. Forecasted Per capita food availability will increase wheat 138.2kg to 185 kg, rice 36.2kg to 50.8kg and maize 26.8kg to 43.5kg for forecasted population 188 million to 258.4 million from 2014 to 2035. Food security and sustainable agriculture growth are conceivable through proper and feasible policy measures by policymakers to revamp their strategies accordingly....
Adnan Yousaf1,Jia Wu1, Qaiser Shakeel2, Yasir Iftikhar3, Muhammad Irfan Ullah4, Uzma Tahira5,Mustansar Mubeen1 and Wubei Dong1,*
...evaluation of management sources. All three management sources were applied individually as well as in combination. After six weeks, all treatments showed better results but there was no significantly difference in set of plants treated with combination of all three (Derosal + Cadusafos + T. harzianum) and T. harzianum alone. Moreover, it was observed that the ability of T. harzianum to manage root rot a...
Murad Ali1, Farmanullah Khan1, Wiqar Ahmad2* and Imran Khan1
...ed organic and inorganic sources is universally accepted agronomic practice for improved yield and soil properties. However, determination of a suitable dose from either source that could beneficially and easily combine to give maximum output still needs lots of research. The experiment was conducted during wheat season 2014-15 on a selected water eroded site in District Swabi. Fourteen treatments viz the control (T1), recommended dose (RD) (120:90:60 kg ha-1 ...
Ghulam Abbas1,Asif Nadeem1,*, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Tanveer Hussain2, Muhammad Sajid Tahir3, Wasim Shehzad1, Rajput Zahid Iqbal3, Muhammad Tayyab1 and Maryam Javed1
...ainable use of natural resources. Molecular methods have an important role in phylogeny and diversity analysis. In Pakistan hog deer (Axis porcinus) is an important wild species belongs to the family Cervidae. The hog deer is one of the least studied species at molecular level in Pakistan. The present study was planned to investigate its molecular phylogeny and diversity analysisusing mitochondrial cytochrome b, cytochrome c and d-loop ...
Muhammad Ibrahim and Ahmad Khan*
...astic) and 250 kg N ha-1 sources (control, 100, 70, 50, 0% from FYM with the remaining from urea). Phenological stages (tasseling, silking, and physiological maturity) occurred earlier in no-mulch practice, but emergence in plastic mulching. Plants took less days to emergence (6 days) in 70% FYM, however, tasseling (45 days), silking (49 days) and physiological maturity (94 days) arrived earlier in no-fertilized plots. Tasseling, silking and maturity delayed w...
Sania Shaheen1*, Hina Fatima2 and Muhammad Azeem Khan3
...this study estimated the sources of inefficiency. Data collected from 300 sample rice farmers into the Kharif cycle (2013-14) at five main rice growing districts of Punjab namely: Hafizabad, Sheikhupura, Jhang, Vehari, and Gujranwala. Stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) was applied to find the results of a study. Study results reveal that direct seeding method is more profitable for dry rice farmers in terms of yield and also increases the efficiency of farmers...
Wali Khan1, Naushad Khan2 and Shaista Naz2*
...t also provided multiple sources of employment mainly in honey transportation and marketing, thus beekeeping not only served as an income generating activity but also an employment generating activity in present and in future. The major constraints in beekeeping were the expensive inputs, pest attack, lack of modern production and rearing techniques, and trainings which can be overcome by a comprehensive program focusing on the provision of low cost inputs, pe...
Syed Tanveer Shah* and Muhammad Sajid
... were sprayed with three sources of calcium (calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and calcium sulphate) at three calcium concentrations (0.5, 0.75 and 1.0%) stored for 30 days at 10 days interval. The experimental results showed that calcium sources, concentration and storage duration significantly affected all the studied attributes. More fruit firmness (5.57 and 5.69 kg cm2), less Total soluble solids [TSS] (8.57 and 8.26 &de...
Muhammad Imran Mahmood* and Muhammad Zubair
... of different irrigation sources and growth parameters of forest trees Shisham, Neem, Siri and Sufeda. The effect of different irrigation levels exhibited the highest plant height in Sufeda under flooding which were 135 and 125cm after and before the experiment. However, Neem showed maximum plant height after experiment (103 cm) under drought condition. But, the minimum plant height (57 cm) before experiment was observed in Sufeda under droughtexhibiting 50% d...
Muhammad Anas1, Abdul Jabbar1, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar2*, Raza Ullah1, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar3, Ijaz Ahmad4 and Sohail Latif5
...and decreasing on farm resources are threating the future food security. In this scenario, the cropping systems which can meet the increasing demand of food, feed and forage are needed. Intercropping is an eco-friendly option for sustaining and increasing the productivity of farmlands. Therefore, a field study relating to sunflower-mungbean intercropping intensities under irrigated conditions was conducted at Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture,...
Fahad Tanveer1, Adnan Afzal2, Muhammad Adeel3*, Sana Shahid4 and Maham Masood5
.... To shed this load of resources and cost, it’s essential to sort out means which give real relief to this increasingly significant problem. To compare outcomes of sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGs) versus Maitland manual therapy in improving non-specific neck pain. It was a quasi-experimental study design. The study was conducted in Chaudhary Muhammad Akram, Teaching & Research Hospital, Lahore and Suriya Azeem Teaching Hospital, Lahore wit...
Ajmal Khan Kassi1,*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...as to identify resistant sources from among the available commercial okra cultivars. Okra cultivars showed significant variations from comparative susceptibility to comparative resistance. On the basis of fruit and shoot infestation caused by H. armigera,Manchali, RK-516, OH-152 and Tarnab Nargis were found comparatively susceptible, Rama Krishna, NS-810, Baharti Kaspori, Lady Finger-1 and Lady Finger-2 showed intermediate resistant reaction while KT-45...
Ayesha Bibi*, Musharaf Ahmad and Shaukat Hussain
... We investigated primary sources of inoculum for bacterial canker of tomato (BCT) caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), in a set of 20 weeds commonly found in tomato fields of major tomato growing areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province, Northwest Pakistan. Based on agroclimate, KP was divided into five zones as Northern KP, Southern KP, Eastern KP, Western KP and Central KP. A total of 100 collected weed samples were analyzed in la...
Muhammad Luqman1,3, Raheel Saqib2*, Xu Shiwei3 and Yu Wen3
... farming and non-farming sources. Intensity of participation of female respondents in different crops and livestock activities was comparatively high as compared to their male counterparts. It was found that average daily share of female in crops related activities was 42% and in livestock activities was 53%. Inspite of their participation in crops and livestock activities it was found that compared to female respondents, male family heads had access to agricu...
Rahmat Ullah Khan, Abdur Rashid*, Mohammad Sohail Khan** and Erdogan Ozturk***
... of natural fertilizer resources for increasing crop production on sustainable basis has become imperative. Two field experiments were conducted to study the potential of humic acid (HA) as a low-cost natural fertilizer and to determine its effect on the yield of rainfed wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Naseer) at the research farm of Arid Zone Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan during two successive winter seasons, 2007-08 and 2008-09. The treatments co...
Aslam Memon, A. M. Khushk* and Umer Farooq**
... saving land and water resources by re-allocating sugarcane area to relatively more productive recommended sugarcane varieties. Secondly, this exercise shall also provide feedback to researchers in sugarcane crop as well as sugar mills for assessing the types of varieties performing better, relative to others. The study document the extent of adoption of recommended sugarcane varieties in Pakistan. The study was based on the primary data collected through a fo...
Sumia Bint Zaman, Sidra Majeed and Shahid Ahmad*
...stify;"> Globally resources of petro-fuels are diminishing at a rapid rate. Efforts are underway to develop sources of bio-fuels. Out of the known sources of bio-fuels, Jatropha is one of the most promising option. The purpose of this study was to evaluate primarily the regional and global experiences to assess the potential of Jatropha farming in Pakistan and to conduct a comparative...
Hassnain Shah, Muhammad Azeem Khan, Umar Farooq, Nadeem Akmal*, Shahid Munir and Bashir Hussain**
POTENTIAL FOR INVESTMENT IN INDIGENOUS TECHNOLOGIES: A CASE OF LOW COST SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION STRUCTURES IN RAINFED POTHWAR, PAKISTAN
...mpatible with farmers' resources and practices along with availability of the raw material and technical skills for its adoption. The results from the assessment and financial evaluation of the technology provide logical base for investment in up scaling the technology...
Muhammad Tariq*, Raja Muhammad Omer**, Muhammad Ashraf Mian*, Obaid Ur Rehman***, Amjad Tahir Virk and Kazim Abbass**
PROMOTING CERTIFIED SEED AVAILABILITY OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L) THROUGH PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AND ITS IMPACT ON YIELD IN RAINFED AREAS
...were at par in both seed sources. It was concluded that healthy and pure seed source gave high seed germination and good crop stand which enabled the plants to withstand abiotic stress especially drought during the crop season. The seed multiplication of crop varieties of rainfed areas can be done in irrigated areas to ensure the quality of seed and its availability in rainfed areas, which ultimately will increase the income of the farming community of the are...
Hafiz Sultan Mahmood*, Munir Ahmad**, Tanveer Ahmad*, Muhammad Azhar Saeed* and Muhammad Iqbal***
POTENTIALS AND PROSPECTS OF PRECISION AGRICULTURE IN PAKISTAN - A REVIEW
...fficiency of available resources and reduce the input costs. Before this, the effectiveness of precision technologies needs to be realised in Pakistan through field experiments and land management practices....
Amir Khatam*, Sher Muhammad**, Badar Naseem Siddiqui***, Muhammad Zakaria Yousuf Hassan****, Ijaz Ashraf**, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan***** and Aijaz Kuharoo******
COMMUNICATION OF AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION THROUGH GROUP CONTACT METHODS IN PAKISTAN
...s of the study show that sources of agricultural information used by the farmer respondents were seed/ fertilizer dealers, workshops, panel discussions, role playing and brainstorming. However, seed/ fertilizer dealers proved to be the most effective source of agricultural information followed by workshops, panel discussions, role playing and brainstorming. However, 28.93 of the respondents never contacted seed/fertilizer dealers while 31.78% occasionally cont...
Abid Hussain*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Sonila Hassan**
ECONOMICS OF COW MILK PRODUCTION IN SINDH AND AZAD JAMMU & KASHMIR
...ares of different feed resources in total feeding cost have been determined and cost-benefit analysis of milk production by ecological zones was also conducted. Wide variations in share of feed sources in total feeding cost per annum, milk productivity and profitability of main cow breeds across selected areas have been observed. Concentrate feeding is the main cost item for cow milk production in irrigated areas of Sindh an...
Muhammad Ali*, Ghulam Mustafa Sajid**, M. Faisal Anwar Malik*** and Kalimullah****
ESTABLISHMENT OF IN VITRO CULTURE OF GRAPES
...technology and Genetic Resources (IABGR), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan. Fifteen accessions of grapes were surface sterilized and tested on 75% MS media for germination and initial growth parameters. Accession No. 020017 (Dakh-1) exhibited highest viability (100%), shoot length (4.12 cm) -1 and nodes plant (3.8). Moreover, it was found that response of cultures to different treatments was dependent both on accession and trea...
Naheed Zahra*, Hassnain Shah*, M. Azeem Khan* and M. Zubair Anwar*
LIVELIHOOD ASSETS AND POVERTY NEXUS: A CASE STUDY FROM RAINFED POTHWAR AREA OF PAKISTAN
...ated with the livelihood sources (P<0.01), water availability for irrigation(P<0.10) and tenancy status (P<0.05). The results regarding poverty revealed that 2.50% of the sampled households were chronically poor, 5.0% transitory poor, 37.5% transitory vulnerable, 32.5% transitory non- poor and 22.5% was non-poor. Most of the sampled households fall along the transition line which implies their vulnerability to be trapped in poverty due to any shock. B...
Munir Ahmad*, Asif Ali Mirani**, Hafiz Sultan Mahmood**, Tanveer Ahmad** and Muhammad Azhar Saeed**
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF CROSS-FLOW RICE DRYERS
...h gas and rice husk heat sources. The experimental results indicated that drying air temperature of the gas-fired and rice husk-fired dryers was 54° and 66°C, respectively. However, the average air flow rate was 6.24 and 3 -1 2.60 m s of gas-fired and rice husk-fired cross-flow dryers, respectively. -1 The drying rate of gas-fired dryer was 2.0 percentage point h , whereas the -1 drying rate of rice husk-fired dryer was 1.0 percentage point h . The dry...
Muhammad Sharif*, Muhammad Azam Niazi* and Abdul Jabbar**
SEAFOOD EXPORTS: CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD
...ue. Decline in seafood resources, lack of shrimp culture, insufficient facilities at fish markets, inadequate fishing policies and low export prices of seafood are major challenges faced by fisheries sector of Pakistan. Sustainable conservation of marine resources, promotion of shrimp culture, enhancement of the fish processing for export, provision of adequate facilities at fish markets and formulation of sustainable fishin...
Muhammad Hidayat Rasool*, Abuzar Muhammad Afzal*, Abu Baker Siddique*, Waseem Akram**, Muhammad Saqalein*, Madiha Basit* and Muhammad Farooq Tahir***
ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF VIRO CARE GZ-08 AGAINST NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS IN POULTRY AND ITS IN-VITRO CYTOTOXICITY ASSAY
... ND outbreaks. Natural resources have been exploited to obtain antiviral compounds in several latest studies. In this study, the antiviral activity of Viro Care GZ-08™ was checked up invitro, in-ovo and in-vivo. The cytotoxicity assay of the product was performed using Vero cell line. All the trials revealed that the stock solution and 1:2 dilution of GZ-08™ had some antiviral activity as well as were cytotoxic. As the concentration decreased, cyto...
Muhammad Asif Jamil*, Nowshad Khan*, FarhatUllah Khan* and Muhammad Zakria*
EFFECTIVENESS OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES IN DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION TO THE FARMING COMMUNITY OF DISTRICT BHIMBER, AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR
...udy concluded that other sources of information i.e., relatives, friends were more influential in bringing changes in the behavior of the respondents and solving the problems of farm related issues. It was found that 38% of the aware respondents yield was 50% greater than unaware farmers. It was also concluded that 80% of the respondents had increased the production of wheat while 80.67% had increased the production of maize and 68% had increased the productio...
Muhammad Nisar Khan*, Tariq Hassan*, Hassnain Shah*, Saleem Abid*, Irum Raza* and Saqib Shakeel Abbasi*
ASSESSMENT OF THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING COURSE UNDER WATERSHED PROJECT AT FATEHJANG FIELD STATION, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...Alternate Energy Water Resources Institute, NARC, organized a professional training on “Water Rehabilitation and Irrigation Technology Improvements” in April, 2014 in collaboration with ICARDA and USDA. Twenty seven professionals from different organizations and departments namely; AlMustafa Development Network (ADN), Taleem Foundation, Islamic International University (IIUI) Islamabad, National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), National Centre ...
Sohaib Arshad*, Sarwat Naz Mirza*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar** and Maqbool Shahbaz**
DETERMINATION OF FORAGE QUALITY OF INDIGENOUS AND EXOTIC RHODES GRASS ACCESSIONS UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS
...terioration of natural resources, and it is need of the hour to find fodder crop resources which are more accustomed to change climatic conditions. Hence, different exotic and indigenous varieties of Rhodes grass were tested for quality and yield parameters. Three varieties were imported from Australia and Zimbabwe namely Sabre, Tolgar (Australian) and Katambora (Zimbabwean). Dry matter yield and crude protein content of the...
Waqar Akhtar*, Muhammad Sharif**, Abdul Hayee Qureshi*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla*** and Muhammad Azeem Khan*
COMPETITIVENESS OF TOMATO PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...ern Punjab in domestic resources use for production of tomato as import substitute commodity. Results of Nominal Protection Coefficient (NPC) and Effective Protection Coefficient (EPC) indicated that combine effects of policies on output and tradable input market did not pass any protection to tomato farmers in the study area. Net effect of policy or market failure is reducing the profitability of tomato producers at farm level which indicates lack of motivati...
Sidra Majeed*, Mubbashira Nazir*, Sumia Bint Zaman * and Waqas Farooq*
POTENTIAL OF SUGAR BEET PRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN: A REVIEW
...e and beet are two major sources of sugar production in Pakistan. Sugarcane production in the country could meet only 75% demand of existing sugar mills. Present study looks into the prospects of sugar beet production especially in water scarce areas to bridge the demand gap and scrutinize the issues and constraints in commercial production of sugar beet. Trends were analyzed using existing published statistics. Water requirement of sugarcane is almost three-f...
Ishaq Ahmad*, Abdul Rehman**, Ehsan –Ul- Haq*** and Arif Mahmood****
RESISTANCE RESPONSE OF RICE ( L.) GERMPLASM AGAINST RICE LEAF FOLDER ( G.) UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITION IN PAKISTAN
...mperative to exploit the sources of resistance to cope with threat the pest and its environmental friendly control. Present study was carried out in greenhouse of Plant Genetic Resources Institute (PGRI), NARC. Twenty six Pakistani genotypes of rice germplasm including 15 coarse and 10 fine genotypes were screened in pot experiment during 2011 including TNI, used as susceptible check. The damage results revealed that one gen...
Raza Ullah*, Mariam Rehman*, Maria Anjum*, Muhammad Asif
Kamran**, Khuda Bakhsh***, Abdul Saboor****
NAVIGATING FARMING RISKS BY SIMULTANEOUS DIVERSIFICATION AND CREDIT THROUGH FORMAL AND INFORMAL COMMUNICATION CHANNEL
...reover, access to formal sources of information significantly encourages the use of both of the risk management tools to manage farm risk. Based on the information from the bivariate and multinomial probit approaches the agricultural extension educators can also improve their programs to guide the farmers in a better way and target farmers who need risk management information the most. At policy level, emphasis may be given to formal training and awareness of ...
Sadaf Javaria*, Muhammad Qasim Khan*, Kashif Waseem*, Muhammad Saleem Jilani*, Habib ur Rahman*, Muhammad Sohail Khan* and Muhammad Sohail**
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON IMPACT OF BIO AND ORGANOMINERAL FERTILIZES ON COMPOSITION AND SHELF LIFE OF TOMATO ( ) FRUIT.
...ct of different nutrient sources viz., bio-fertilizer (effective microorganisms) with or without organic manure (Farmyard Manure) and inorganic fertilizer (NPK) on the quality characteristics of tomato. The pot experiment was conducted by combining 7 treatments in completely randomized design with 3 replications. The results revealed that nutrient sources significantly affected different quality parameters including; physico...
Shakir Ullah*, Aish Muhammad*, Iqbal Hussian*, Hafeez-Ur-Rahman**, Muhammad Zeeshan Hyder***, Muhammad Din**** and Nizamud Din
MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS IN APRICOT CULTIVARS GROWN IN GILGIT BALTISTAN PAKISTAN
...v>
Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR) characteristics. Three cultivars
(Charmagzi, Shai Pawand and Narie) had fruit weight from 39-41 g. Most of
the cultivars had small fruit with sweet and large size kernel. Habi and
Astore 1 had latest harvest in late June. Nili Pawand, Shai Pawand and
Skardu Local were determined to late blossom as compared to others. The
cultivars Marghulam, Shakarfo, Charmagzi...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2 and Zafarullah Baloch3
...o and contact farmers as sources of knowledge for agricultural practices and date palm cultivation. However, more than 68% of the respondents do not get advisory services from government extension service institutions at all. Age and experience are significantly correlated variables with r = 0.951 at 1% alpha level. Results from regression analysis revealed that age, education and experience are strong predictors in the model to increase the knowledge level of...
Irfan Ullah, Shahid Ali*, Muhammad Fayaz and Abbas Ullah Jan
...crease inefficiency of resources allocation. In allocative inefficiency effect model, estimates of education and experience were negative and statistically significant which implies that educated and experienced broiler farmers efficiently allocated resources on their farms. Therefore, the policy makers needs to provide education and training facilities to the farmers which are appropriate to rearing of broiler in open shed...
Xiaopeng Tang1,3, Rong Xiang1, Sijia Chen1,3, Shufen Yang1,3, Hu Liu1,3, Rejun Fang1,3,* and Aike Li2,*
...f unconventional protein sources, such as the CSM.
...
Amjad Ali1, Rajan Shrestha2, Ghaffar Ali1, Irfan Ullah1 and Salman Khan1
...erutilization of these resources which underlines scope of expansion in these resources. Study results illustrate that land, seed quantity, tractor hours and DAP are over utilized which need readjustment. Study recommends improvement in extension services to guide farmers on proper inputs utilization, low interest rate crop based loans and comprehensive policy of setting right price for output to increase net return and per...
Amjad Ali1, Rajan Shrestha2, Ghaffar Ali1, Irfan Ullah1 and Salman Khan1
...erutilization of these resources which underlines scope of expansion in these resources. Study results illustrate that land, seed quantity, tractor hours and DAP are over utilized which need readjustment. Study recommends improvement in extension services to guide farmers on proper inputs utilization, low interest rate crop based loans and comprehensive policy of setting right price for output to increase net return and per...
Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Abdul Malik2*, Muhammad Shahzad Khattak2, Naveedullah1, Naeem Ijaz3 and Ishaq Ahmad4
...is one of the valuable resources for life sustenance in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. In recent past, its contamination due to lack of balance between its exploitation and recharge has posed a serious menace on its utilization for various purposes. Current study was conducted in District Karak during June to November, 2009 with the objectives to assess the changes in groundwater table depths due to withdrawal and the water quality parameters and to ...
Muhammad Suleman Bacha1*, Mohammad Nafees1 and Syed Adnan2
...to identify livelihood resources that are vulnerable to climate change induced hazards. Results showed that primarily deforestation and pollution contributed more to the perceived causes of climate change which resulted frequent and sever floods or droughts and reduction in agricultural productivity and poor farm householders with low farm holdings are more exposed to such extreme weather events. FGDs and interviews also showed various indicators of causes, im...
Nihal Ahmad Hadi, Shahid Ali* and Umer Wahid
...es with available farm resources and technology. Results further revealed that day old checks, feed intake and labor have positive and significant effect on broiler output. Technical inefficiency results showed that estimated coefficients of age of broiler farmers, education and experience were negative and statistically significant. This means that with the increase in age of broiler farmers, education and experience, technical inefficiency decreases. It is r...
Mehran Ali, Inamullah*, Sajjad Ahmad and Arsalan Khan
... implements and nitrogen sources on maize yield and soil organic matter. Randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement having four replications was used. Tillage implements (mould board plough, rotavator, disk harrow and cultivator) were applied in main plots while nitrogen sources (control, cattle manure, poultry manure, sheep manure, mushroom spent, mungbean residue and urea) in subplots. The results exhibit...
Madeeha Alamzeb1, Shazma Anwar1, Asif Iqbal1,2*, Song Meizhen2, Mazhar Iqbal3, Sara4, Muhammad Ramzan2 and Afza Tabassum1
...te the effect of organic sources (cattle, sheep and poultry manure each at 5 t ha-1) and nitrogen levels (0, 75, 100, 125 and 150 kg ha-1) on dry matter partitioning of wheat under tillage systems (conventional and deep tillage). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement, having three replications. Tillage systems and organic sources were used as main plot factor, nitrogen le...
Aqeela Ashraf1,2,*, Muhammad Imran1 and Yung-Fu Chang2
... number of environmental sources and increased resistance to antibiotics. The present study was aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolates from bovine mastitis and identification of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes associated with them. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method. Resistance and virulence genes were detected by PCR. The results showed that 100% of isolates were resista...
Saima Rani*, Hassnian Shah, Nusrat Habib and Muhammad Azeem Khan
...ferences data by primary sources from Islamabad in Pakistan. The determinants of willingness to pay of consumers estimated by using the probit model. The model contains the information of socioeconomic characteristics, awareness and preferences of organic vegetables and product attributes. The empirical findings indicate that age, employment status, income, education, number of children, taste, no chemical residual, high nutritional value, freshness and co...
Wiqar Ahmad1* and Farmanullah Khan2
...om organic and inorganic sources with P2O5 and K2O as per recommended dose and including legumes in the traditional cereal-cereal crop rotation. ...
Fouzia Hadi Ali1, Farhat Naz2, Aban Abid Qazi3
...ers to invest time and resources for nurturing the psychological and attitudinal behaviors of the healthcare practitioners that could ultimately enhance their WP.
...
Maryam Javed*, Farwa Saghir, Naveera Aziz, Maham Saeed, Asif Nadeem and Wasim Shehzad
...ction, competition for resources like water, food, offspring and mating probabilities. It is an antisocial behavior having strong genetic relation. Current study focused mainly on the screening of genetic marker V158M located in COMT gene for its relation to physical aggression in the four domestic bovine species of Pakistan, which are normally less aggressive. Selected animal species were cattle (Bos indicus), buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), sheep (<...
Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Composition of Freshwater Mussels, Anodonta pseudodopsis and Unio tigridis
Hülya Şereflişan and Beyza Ersoy Altun*
...ese mussels are reliable sources of nutrition to cover amino acid requirements of human.
...
Ghulam Abbas1, Khalid Pervez Akhtar1, Muhammad Ahsan2, Muhammad Jawad Asghar1, Fiaz Ahmad1 and Muhammad Rizwan3*
...caused by YMD. Resistant sources had already been reported in mungbean, but no such information seems to be available for mung × mash interspecific recombinants. In this study, 72 mung × mash interspecific recombinant genotypes and a susceptible mungbean variety Mung Kabuli were screened against Yellow Mosaic Disease (YMD) using disease severity ratings by visual scoring of symptoms to calculate percent disease index (PDI). Tested recombinants resp...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1*, Muhammad Zeshan1,2, Mumtaz Hussain1, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1, Muhammad Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahmed1 and Sabir Hussain Shah3
...block design (RCBD). Two sources of nitrogen i.e. urea and calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) and three nitrogen placement timings i.e. ½ at rauni + ½ at flowering (T1), ½ at sowing + ½ at flowering (T2) and ½ at 1st irrigation + ½ at flowering (T3) were included in the experiment. Treatments were replicated thrice. Data were collected for growth parameters and yield contributing traits. It was observed that source of nitr...
Muhammad Faheem Jan1*, Asad Ali Khan1, Waqas Liaqat1, Haseeb Ahmad1, Muhammad Dawood Ahmadzai1 and Wazir Rehan2
...nic (sulphate of potash) sources. It can be concluded that application of K at the rate of 80 kg ha-1 from both organic and inorganic sources at the ratio of 40% organic + 60% inorganic respectively to hybrid DK-Garanon resulted in higher net return from maize in terms of yield. ...
Iqbal Javed1*, Amar Razzaq2, Mudassar Yasin3, Muhammad Ali Imran4, Haroon Javaid5, Iftikhar Nabi6, Anum Sardar1 and Shahbaz Ahmad7
...ata were used. The major sources of the data used in the study were international trade center, Economics survey of Pakistan, statistical yearbook of Pakistan and Agricultural Price Institution, Islamabad, Pakistan. Nominal protection coefficient (NPC), revealed comparative advantage (RCA) and Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) were estimated for the export of mutton to all existing international markets. According to the finding of the current st...
Safina Naz1, Muhammad Akbar Anjum1, Saeed Akhtar2, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi3* and Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar4
...les grown with different sources of irrigation water. The vegetables irrigated with sewage water had greater concentrations of these metals, which were higher than the safe limits recommended by WHO (1996). All the vegetables grown with tubewell water had significantly lower heavy metal contents, well below the critical limits. The concentration of Pb in tomato and cauliflower, Cd in tomato and spinach, and Fe in spinach irrigated with canal water were also de...
Muhammad Javed Iqbal and Muhammad Naeem*
...and maximum plant origin sources showed an increment in length-weight variants. Present findings indicate that fish dislike the fish meal diet and preferred the plant origin sources ...
Amar Razzaq1, Abdur Rehman4*, Abdul Hassan Qureshi2, Iqbal Javed3, Raheel Saqib5 and Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal6
...owing demand for water resources highlights the need for improved management of this diminishing resource to ensure high water productivity. In order to cope with this situation, it is imperative to make use of available water resources more efficiently through high-efficiency irrigation systems (HEIs). The present study aimed to conduct the economic analysis of high efficiency irrigation systems in Punjab province of Pakist...
Moorthy S. Muthuswamy
...ed by the prestige and resources of Saudi Arabia, religious leaders have popularized the appealing theme of sharia as all-encompassing “divine law” to advance radical Islamist agendas. By identifying sharia as the theme and religious leaders as its enablers, such an explanation facilitates our understanding of the causes and backers of this religious radicalism.
... 
*Muhammad Waseem1, Dost Mohammad Baloch1, Ghulam Khaliq1,
M. Rashid1, Qurban Ali2 and Mustajab A. Khan3
INTENSIFICATION IN BAMBOO (Bambusa bambos L.) TRAITS IN RESPONSE TO ORGANIC AND CHEMICAL NITROGEN ALONG THE COAST OF ARABIAN SEA
...he influence of nitrogen sources on bamboo traits a field experiment was conducted during 2014-15. Experiment were carried out using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with square system of transplanting which was consist of 3 repetitions contained a net field size of 4.5m to 4.5m. Experimental sites were 20 km away from the Arabian Sea with an altitude of 2m. The bamboo (Bambusa bambos L.) plants were grown with four fertilizer s...
M. Tariq Javed1, Nazir Ahmad2, Gulbeen Saleem3, Haleema Sadia4, Farkhanda Manzoor5 and Ghulam Hussain Dilbar
EFFECT OF AGE AND SEASON ON SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS OF BUFFALO BULL - A REVIEW
... gathered from different sources on semen characteristics in buffalo bulls which will be helpful to researchers and allied professionals in future research or policy planning. The review is bifurcated in different sections for easy understanding of the facts. The review suggests and effect of age and season on buffalo bull semen characteristics. ...
Muhammad Babar Khawar, Nadeem Sheikh*
Effect of paper industry leachate on various serological indices and serum proteins of wistar rats
...industry consumes more resources as compared to any other industry around the globe. The toxicity of waste water (leachate) resulting from paper processing has become a serious issue now a day. So, current research was aimed to assess various toxic aspects of pulp and paper industry waste water. Study design involved the division of Wistar ratsof about 245±5g in three groups (n=5) viz, Control group (4ml/ kg normal saline), Group 1 (4ml/ kg leachate) an...
Farah Deeba, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir, Muhammad Irfan, Javed Iqbal Qazi*
Chitinase production in organisms: a review
...iew focused on different sources of naturally chitinase production in organisms was discussed....
Shaukat Ali1,*, Sundas Nasreen1, Sobia Safeer1, Saiqa Andleeb1, Mubashir Ejaz1, Saira Bano2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir3
Medicinal plants as therapeutic agents for cancer treatment
...lants are potent natural sources of drugs to treat different human inflammations since ancient time. Many
of anticancer lead bioactive molecules such as vinca alkaloid, vinblastine, vincristine, camptothecin, and taxanes
have been characterized from different medicinal plants and are used as therapeutic agents in worldwide. Technical
strategies based on the natural yield of drug innovation, ethnomedicines and traditional pharmacology is re...
of anticancer lead bioactive molecules such as vinca alkaloid, vinblastine, vincristine, camptothecin, and taxanes
have been characterized from different medicinal plants and are used as therapeutic agents in worldwide. Technical
strategies based on the natural yield of drug innovation, ethnomedicines and traditional pharmacology is re...
Haniya Mazhar1, Naaz Abbas2, Tehseen Zamir3, Zahid Hussain1, Syed Shahid Ali4*
...cake and the best carbon sources were fructose and maltose whereas yeast extract was found to be the best nitrogen source, showing 55U/mL enzyme activity. The best inoculum size for the growth of this strain was 4-5%. Optimum pH was 8 and best temperature was 40oC for the reported strain. Addition of divalent Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions resulted in 2-fold increase in enzyme activity while SDS completely inhibit the lipase activity to ze...
Masaud Khan1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Tahir Sarwar1 and Muhammad Jamal Khan2
...rface and ground water resources, which are declining day-by-day. Realizing the importance of water, tomato yield was studied under deficit irrigation regimes and different Nitrogen (N) levels during 2015 and 2016 at the research farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with factorial arrangement was used for the study. These factors were four irrigation levels i.e. full irrigation (I0), 15% deficit (I...
Ateeq ur Rehman1, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Ummad-ud-Din Umar1, Muhammad Irfan Zafar1, Faqeer Hussain2, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar3 and Azhar Ali Khan3
Muhammad Shabir Shaheen1, Shahid Mehmood1, Athar Mahmud1, Jibran Hussain1, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi2, Muhammad Yaqoob3, Sohail Ahmad1 and Arshad Javid4,*
Khwaja Tariq Ziad1, Umar Hayat1, Muhammad2 and Muhammad Suleman Bacha3*
... with abundant natural resources, especially vast agricultural resources on account of its fertile irrigated land, four seasons and glorious history of old traditions of farming. The current study is designed to analyse the response of participants an informal and formal supply chains for small-scale dairy farmers in Pakistan. The study aimed at explaining the costs of the chosen supply channels and their transaction costs, ...
Mehran Ali1*, Inamullah1, Muhammad Bilal2, Salman Ali1, Farooq Nawaz1 and Muhammad Owais Iqbal1
...systems and nitrogen (N) sources incorporation on soil physical properties, total N and maize productivity, a field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. The design used was randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement having four replications. Tillage implements (mould board plough, rotavator, disk harrow and cultivator) were used as main plot factor and N
Aisha Siddiqua1*, Munir Ahmad1 and Nusrat Habib2
...ze, access to credit and sources of information on climate change are significant drivers of adaptation to climate change. ...
Supply Response Analysis of Wheat Growers in District Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Farm Level Analysis
Farhan, Shahid Ali* and Syed Attaullah Shah
...ficient utilization of resources and increased output. ...
Ayesha Chaudhary1, Fouzia Mumtaz1, Muhammad Yaseen2* and Muhammad Younis Afzal3
...eless usage of natural resources. Due to these effects, pastoral families are at high risk, hence there is a need to make farmers aware of the reasons and causes of climate change so that they may contribute to their side in actively advocating the cause. The present study was survey-based research and carried out in the Faisalabad district of Punjab, Pakistan. The data was collected using a multistage sampling method with the help of well-structured interview...
Liyan Zhang1,2, Zhidong Zhou1,3, Haiping Li1,2, Yanlong Qiao4, 5 and Yueping Zhang1,3,*
...t, S. japonicus resources show recessions and decreased mean ages due to overfishing, emphasizing the need to strengthen the management of corresponding fisheries and to develop and reasonably utilize S. japonicus resources to achieve sustainable development.
...
Ayesha Khan*, Zubair Ahmad Khan, Urooba Pervaiz And Mehmood Iqbal
...estigate the information sources of extension agents, views of extension agents on adoption constraints and the extension methods used by them. All agricultural officers and 40% of field assistants were interviewed making a sample of 81 extension agents; 10 agricultural officers and 71 field assistants. The study results indicate that 77% field assistants were educated up to Matric with two years diploma while 10% agricultural officers had M.Sc. (Hons) degree ...
Tanweer Ahmed*, Kashif Saeed Khan and Mohammad Naeem
... allocation of greater resources to education, health and transport and communication sectors for agricultural growth ...
Kamran Zakaria1*, Noreen Munawar1 and Shafqat Ejaz2
...alanced usage of water resources for urban uses and agriculture. For such purpose, Precipitation regions were recognized in river Indus basin in Pakistan by examining the rainfall frequencies with the help of global wavelet power spectra. Records from 52 rain gauges were studied and the outcomes of the whole power spectra exhibited a low annual frequency all over the basin; whereas additional frequencies are present with major significance that indicate change...
Madeeha Khalid and Amtul Jamil Sami*
...ported data from various sources. Two SNPs at position -62 and -56 (relative to transcription start site) are novel and not reported elsewhere up to the best of our knowledge. The minor allele frequencies of SNPs at position -57, -50, -48, -40, -34, -1 and +58, respectively are higher than other populations. All the observed SNPs are located in the region involved in transcription factor binding. This study is the first report regarding the allele frequency da...
Alexus McLeod
...I look to premodern Maya sources—particularly, Classic Period texts and images (in Part One) and the Postcontact text Popol Vuh (in Part Two). I offer interpretive reconstructions, to illustrate key features of the Maya concept of sacrifice as a principle of growth as well as metaphysical and ethical renewal, as demonstration of the interrelatedness of phenomena, and as an aspect of personal survival.
...
Christine Jeske
...ng a certain bundle of resources, connections, or circumstances, but on gaining a tenuous moral approbation. Well-being, then, is actually produced or reduced in sites where people publically negotiate the morality of their life choices. In this article, I examine one such setting of negotiation: church testimonies of Zulu South Africans. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, I describe how testimonies—brief spontaneous personal accounts of changes in life ci...
Salman Anwar1, 2*, Farhan Anwar Khan3 and Atta-ur-Rahman4
... with a lot of natural resources in the shape of fertile agricultural lands, water resources and minerals. Agriculture is the backbone of Pakistan’s economy. About 70% of its population is directly or indirectly associated with this sector. Gilgit-Baltistan is a vast mountainous and remote area in the extreme north of Pakistan.. The inhabitants of this area are mostly engaged in the agricultural sector. Before the cons...
Faiz-ul Hassan1,*, Muhammad Sajjad Khan1, Muhammad Saif-ur-Rehman1, Syed Muhammad Raihan Dilshad2 and Muhammad Amjad Ali3
...digenous horse genetic resources....
Faiza Jabeen1,*, Bushra Muneer2 and Javed Iqbal Qazi3
...with variety of nitrogen sources. Both thermophilic strains were grown on agro-dairy wastes to attain their cheap production by utilizing the wastes nutrients. Protein production was determined using 1% (w/v) of various agro-dairy wastes in production medium both with and without nutrients at pH 7.0 for 48 h at their respective suitable temperatures. They yielded enough thermostable protein suggesting their potential in production of various enzymes and protei...
Aisha Khalid1, Muhammad Tayyab1,*, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Tahir Yaqub2, Ali Raza Awan1, Muhammad Wasim1, Shagufta Saeed1, Sehrish Firyal1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori3
...onal carbon and nitrogen sources was also analyzed for maximal production of recombinant protein. Higher level enzyme activity was recorded at 25°C, pH 7.0 when the cells were induced with 0.5 mM IPTG with 22h post induction incubation. Supplementation of LB medium with 1% glucose and yeast extract enhanced the production of recombinant thermostable cellulase. Enzyme showed strong potential for its use in paper and poultry feed industry. Under the o...
Anum Khursheed1, Malik Muhammad Shafi2 and Haidar Ali2*
...tween monthly income and sources of income from livestock. AJKRSP had conducted training programs in different sectors regarding livestock. Livelihood of about (80%) of the sampled respondents had improved after training. Study concluded that AJKRSP has enormous effect on local community which contributed positively to livelihood of local community. ...
An Empirical Analysis of Livestock Activities of the Model Farm Service Center in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Tariq Shah1*, Umar Hayat1, Muhammad Suleman Bacha2 and Muhammad3
...tock doctors are the key sources where farmers get advice regarding livestock production. Majority of the respondents are quite satisfied regarding the effectiveness of these advices. Results further indicate that farmers visit or contact livestock expert mainly for livestock diseases and artificial insemination. However, some of the respondents report long distance, lack of proper facilities and high charges for not visiting the livestock experts. Majority of...
Shahid Ali1*, Asim Khan1, Aftab Khan1 and Bakhtawar Riaz2
...t by 4% with available resources and technology. Results of inefficiency effect model indicated that farmers’ experience has negative and significant relationship with technical inefficiency. Efforts should be made to keep experience farmers in tomato farming. Government also needs to allocate more funds for extension services to provide formal and informal education to tomato growers. ...
Emel Banu Buyukunal1,*, Rojan Ibrahim Albazaz1 and Mehmet Ali Bal2,3
...ria from various poultry sources in Turkey. Therefore, it is important to perform surveillance on the antibiotic resistant bacteria in healthy livestock animals for predicting their risk status to society.
...
Abdur Rehman1*, Iqbal Javed2, Zhang Nannan3, Muhammad Niamatullah1, Raheel Saqib4 and Allah Bakhsh5
...ormatisation and human resources index. The Hengshui city ranked first in the agricultural informatisation subject to environmental index. Recently the Park in Hebei province, although more modern and high standard basic farmland and so on the basis of the modern agriculture construction, but still incomplete for the system of information service, large capital needs, information service supply and demand contradiction and the lack of high-quality agricultural...
Iqra Jaffar, Zainab Sehzadi, Muhammad Adeel, Khalid P. Lone and Mehwish Faheem*
... released from different sources, are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment. In the present study, freshwater fish (Labeo rohita) juveniles were exposed to low concentrations (10μg/l and 100μg/l) of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) for 7 days to evaluate oxidative stress in liver and gills by analyzing activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and by measuring lipid peroxidation (LPO). Catalase activity increased sig...
Lichao Feng1,2, Shaoqing Zhang4, Dianyuan Chen2, Sina Adl3 and Donghui Wu1,4*
...the field because food resources and foraging behaviors stimulated and restrained the acquisition of supplemental nutrients as a strategy for reproduction. To evaluate their food choices, wireworm were exposed to different types of plants associated with their farmland habitat, as follows: mixed pollen and nectar of flowers (Erigeron annuus, Trifolium repens, Heteropappus hispidus, Potentilla chinensis, Hibiscus trionum...
Wafaa M. Hikal1,2,* and Hussein A.H. Said-Al Ahl3
...uding the hospital water sources and medical devices especially in dental units and dialysis machines. It poses a threat to public health as it is responsible for human infection. In inappropriate conditions, it forms cyst with high levels of resistance to disinfection methods. The aim of this study was to isolate the pathogen from the dental units and hospital water network and treatment of Acanthamoeba with Trachyspermum ammi essential oil that...
Arshad Mahmood Malik1*, Khalid Mahmood Mughal2 and Abdul Saboor3
...tly utilizing domestic resources in the production of hydroponics products. ...
Zafar Abbas1*, Muhammad Mubashir1, Umair Riaz1, Zeenat Javid1, Muhammad Ashraf1, Saeed ur Rehman1, Muhammad Javid Qamar1, Syed Ali Zulqadar1 and Shahzada Munawar Mehdi2
...used while the inorganic sources were NPK fertilizer. This experiment was laid out in the field area of soil and water testing laboratory for research, Bahawalpur in growing seasons from July to October of 2017. Treatments were arranged in Two factorial Completely Randomized Design CRBD fashion with three replications and six treatments. Treatments are arranged as control T1 (Without fertilizer + No Poultry Manure + No compost), T2 (NPK full dose @ 150 kg ha-1...
Munazza Yousra1*, Sair Sarwar1, Muhammad Mahmood Ul Hassan1, Muhammad Zameer khan1, Abdul khaliq2, Shahbaz Ahmad1 and Shamim Ul Sibtain Shah3
... pattern of Zn from both sources. Zn release pattern from both Zn sources showed that Zn concentration was maximum on the first day in all treatments except control. Zinc release from Zn-EDTA was much higher as compared to ZnSO4. Similarly, the pot experiment conducted with the same set of treatments and crop responded well to Zn fertilizer application. The results showed a consistent increase in Zn concentration with the in...
Ayub Khan* and Ghaffar Ali
...re and tourism, the main sources of livelihood of the inhabitants in the area, have been severely hit by this problem. Human activities, such as deforestation, overgrazing and extensive agriculture have made soil resource more vulnerable to rain and flood water. Programs at government and society level are required to control soil erosion. The objectives of this study are to seek the farm household willingness to pay (WTP) for forestation based soil conservati...
Raja Imran Hussain* and Iqra Yousaf
... good shelter and food resources for rodent dispersal. Controlling one habitat of the landscape, either human dwellings or cropland, might not allow effective results because rodents still have alternative habitat for survival. Therefore, it is recommended to apply the control strategy on both habitat types before sowing the wheat crop. This might prevent damage to wheat and possible reduction of intensive use of rodenticides in cropland.
... 
