Mohammed Ali Hussain, Zakiya Ahmed Hassan
...sseling (65.83 days) and silking (68.50 days). Hybrid zp-707 x un 44052 was short statured (155.59 cm) with desirable ear height of 62.93 cm. However, maximum leaf area produced by hybrid DK x Hs in both locations with averages 768.56, 670.26 and 719.42 cm2, respectively, while hybrid sangaria recorded maximum value for 300 grains weight 68.16 g and the hybrid IK 8 x zp-707 showed highest rows ear- 1 at both locations and their averages reached 19.33, 17.33 an...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Muhammad Arshad Khan
Sania Subhan Qureshi, Mian Saeed Sarwar and Zahir Shah
...a non-absorbable suture (silk). Owner was advised for daily check-up for any damage to the stitches and for regular dressing of the wound with antiseptic. Antibiotics and analgesic was recommended for 3-5 days respectively. As per feedback of the owner, the wound was healed and no complication was reported from the owner....
Hafiz Aftab Ahmed1, Asif Ali2, Akbar Ali2, Salman Ahmed Abid3 and Sajid Umar4*
...nterrupted sutures using silk. Post-operative care was continued for five days. Clinical signs abated in all operated animals, proving that the technique employed was effective and of simple execution for the treatment of dorsal patellar fixation in bovine.
... 
S. K. Dutta, S. Roy Chowdhuri, D. Pandit and A. K. Bajpai
Rot diseases of muga host, Som (Persea bombycina) in Assam, India
...imary food plant of muga silkworm, (Antheraea assamensis Helfer) growing mainly in North Eastern region and Uttaranchal State in India. India is unique in producing the golden muga silk and has monopoly in global silk market grows up to 20-25 meters and survives for 18-20 years. Pollarding of Som plant at 6 ft height is a common practice in North Eastern region of India for controlled rear...
Rafi Ullah1, Sarzamin Khan1,*, Abdul Hafeez1, Asad Sultan1, Nazir Ahmad Khan2, Naila Chand1 and Naseer Ahmad1
...lacing soybean meal with silkworm meal on production performance, hematology and carcass traits in broilers at finisher phase. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were uttered with the step-wise i.e. 0% (D1), 25% (D2), 50% (D3), 75% (D4) and 100% (D5) replacement of soybean meal with silkworm meal in commercial broiler rations. A total of 150 day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly distributed into fiftee...
Muhammad Ibrahim and Ahmad Khan*
...gical stages (tasseling, silking, and physiological maturity) occurred earlier in no-mulch practice, but emergence in plastic mulching. Plants took less days to emergence (6 days) in 70% FYM, however, tasseling (45 days), silking (49 days) and physiological maturity (94 days) arrived earlier in no-fertilized plots. Tasseling, silking and maturity delayed with increasing urea N proportion i...
Zabih Ullah*, H. Rahman and Niaz Muhammad
...0% anthesis, days to 50% silking, anthesis silking interval, plant height and ear eight. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences for all the traits except anthesis silking interval that exhibited non-significant difference among the tested genotypes. Moderate to high broad sense heritability were observed for all the traits. Hybrid, HP1097-21 showed minimum days to tas...
Jiandong Wu, Miao Ye and Zaigui Wang*
...tal flavonoids from corn silk, and the anti-hyperlipidemic activities was analyzed in rabbits by feeding experiment. Firstly, the high extraction yield (5.32 mg·g-1) of total flavonoids were obtained under the optimal extraction conditions, which are 80°C for 3 h with corn silk over 60% ethanol ratio of 1:30. Then, the AB-8 resin was selected for the purification of flavonoids due to the higher static a...
Xue-yang Wang1, Shang-zhi Zhang1, Ming-hui Liu2, Dong Yu1, Yan Ma1, Dong-qiong Fei1, Hai-zhong Yu1 and Jia-ping Xu1,*
Pei-feng Yin1,2,Xiu-xiu Li1,Qi-wei Zeng3, Cheng-chen Shen1, Le Gao1 andJian-zhang Ton2,*
...pcorn infected leaves on silkworm performance. One group of silkworms was fed infected mulberry leaves and the second silkworms group was given control mulberry leaves that were infection free. Results showed that infected leaves exhibited limited toxicity to the silkworm; however, the cocoons yield found in infected group was deeply affected. Compared w...
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1, Khanum Zahra2, Arooj Zaheer2, Khizar Samiullah3
...-align: justify;">Spider silk is categorized as fibrous protein. Spiders produce several types of silk. Spider silk is important because of its maximum mechanical strength, biocompatibility and biodegradability, pore filling ability and very low immunogenicity. In this review structure and types of silk producing gland, spinning process, chemistry of spi...
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Arooj Zaheer and Rabia Yaqoob
... antifungal potential of silk obtained from Neoscona theisi, an orb-weaver spider of Araneidae family. Evident inhibition of fungal growth was observed on bread treated with web silk of N. theisi as compared to untreated control. It is concluded that silk of N. theisi possess antifungal property....
Waqas Liaqat1, Mohammad Akmal1* and Jawad Ali
...(i.e. days to tasseling, silking & maturity) as well as morphology (i.e. plant height, ear height, including ear length) was affected (p<0.05)by sowing dates. Likewise, yield traits (i.e. rows per ear, grains per ear, thousand grain weight) were also adversely affected by sowing dates, which decreases both biomass and grain yield. Varieties did differ in phenology (i.e. emergence, silking, tasseling, maturity) and mor...
Haq Nawaz Malik*, Iffat Ara**, Muhammad Naeem, Mozammil Hussain, M. Hanif Munawwar and M. Yousaf
...ays to 50% tasseling and silking, plant height, ear height, number of kernel rows per ear, number of grain per row, 100 grain weight, grain moisture and grain yield. The hybrids NT-6622 and NT- 6651 ranked top and second in grain yield by producing 7842 and 7759 kg ha-1, respectively. Generally the hybrids produced more grain yield than the open pollinated varieties. Days to 50% tasseling ranged from 47.33 (EV-1098) to 64 (NT- 6632) while for
Ashiq Saleem, Habib Iqbal Javed, Rashid Saleem,* Muhammad Ansar** and M. Amir Zia*
...and sorghum. Days to 50% silk in maize are significantly affected by potash when compared with control treatment, but there was no significant effect between single, two and three splits. The grain yields of these two crops increased significantly at K2O level of 120 kgha-1 with three splits. Level of 120 kgha-1 with three splits is recommended for potash application in maize and sorghum....
Syed Asif Imran Shah*, Shah Jehan Khan**, Abdul Aziz Baloch*** ,
Obaid Ullah Sayal**, Kalim Ullah* andShujaat Ali**
COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS IN VARIOUS INBRED LINES OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)
...for days -1 -1 -1 to 50% silking, ear length, kernel rows ear , kernels row , kernels ear and grain yield. Mean square values due to general combining ability were -1 highly significant (P≤0.01) for all studied attributes except kernels ear and grain yield. Highly significant variations for specific combining ability of direct and reciprocal effects were observed for all attributes. Azam -1 proved good combiner for days to 50% silk<...
Muhammad Faheem Jan1*, Asad Ali Khan1, Waqas Liaqat1, Haseeb Ahmad1, Muhammad Dawood Ahmadzai1 and Wazir Rehan2
...to emergence, tasseling, silking, and maturity) and crop growth (single leaf area, leaf area index, and plant height) which resulted in different grain yield. Among hybrids DK-Garanon gave highest value for all the studied parameters as compared to others hybrids. Similarly, in K ratios higher values for the studied traits were recorded in plots which were treated with K 40% from organic (poultry manure) and 60% from inorganic (sulphate of potash) sources. It ...
Masab Umair Khan, Syed Mehar Ali Shah, Hidayat-ur-Rahman, Arshad Iqbal* and Ezaz Aslam
...ays to anthesis, days to silking, cob length, cob diameter, kernel rows cob-1, 100-kernel weight and grain yield. Among the hybrids, ZH1610 was observed as the earliest maturing hybrid with minimum days to tasseling (91.7), days to anthesis (93.7) and days to silking (96). Hybrid ZH169 showed maximum cob length (19.5 cm) while ZH1621 produced maximum kernel rows cob-1 (15.7). Maximum 100-kernel weight (35.0 g) was recorded f...
Abid Ali1*, Hidayat ur Rahman1, Farhatullah1 and Zahir Shah2
...e inheritance of days to silking, ear leaf area, ear length, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index additive epistasis was involved. Based on the findings from this study, crosses SW-491 × EV-157, EV-157 × SW-491 and EV-157 × EV-120 were recommended for subsequent breeding programs. ...
Wang Zaigui1,*, Guo Panpan1, Ye Miao1, Sun Linghong1, Zhang Hongfu2 and Liu Chaoliang1,*
...ducted with 1500 healthy silkworm larvae. There were two treatment groups: control group, without added Bacillus subtilis, and B.subtilis group, with B. subtilis at 2.0×1010 CFU/mL added to the feed. Experimental diets were fed in three phases: 3rd instar, 4thinstar and 5th instar. Furthermore, 3 replications were maintained and 250 silkworm larvae were rea...
Ihsanullah*, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi, Sohail Akhtar and Syed Muhammad Suhail
... a change of 18%. Peak mssilk yield declined up to 23% from parity 7 to 8. The finding may help the farmers in culling of the lactating cows to maintain an optimum herd average for milk production.
...
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Palwasha Jabeen, Chand Raza, Shaukat Ali
...rvested from spiders and silkworms throughout the world. Spider silk varies in types and functions according to the gland producing them. The silk in mulberry and non-mulberrys silkworms also varies from each other. Spidroin is the protein found in spider silk while silkworm
Muhammad Zeeshan Nazar*, Ayyan Umer, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar, Faiz Ullah Faiz and Sikandar Hussain
... of agriculture in which silkworms, Bombyx mori (Bombycidae: Lepidoptera), are reared on wide range for commercial purpose. Silkworm is susceptible to various pathogenic diseases. Among the all bacterial diseases of B. mori, flacherie is injurious disease that is initiated by entomo-pathogenic bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis var. sotto (Bts). The impact of this infectious disease is weight loss, reduction in cocoon quality ...
Mehreen Ijaz
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TENSILE STRENGTH OF MULTIFILAMENT SILK AND VICRYL SUTURES USED IN SURGERY
...gth of sutures made with silk and vicryl materials in straight and knot pull. An experimental study was conducted. Samples of sutures made with silk and vicryl used for surgery were collected from various pharmaceutical companies of Lahore. These were evaluated for their tensile strength by using DX Instron tester with two configurations. The results depicted that multifilament suture made with
Tehreem Zahra1, Muhammad Irfan1, Muhammad Nadeem2, Misbah Ghazanfar1, Qurratulain Ahmad3, Shaukat Ali4, Farzana Siddique5, Zarina Yasmeen6, Marcelo Franco7
...ction using seed pods of silk cotton tree as substrate in submerged fermentation by response surface methodology has been investigated. Three variables like substrate concentration, peptone and KH2PO4 were optimized at three levels. The optimum carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) activity and filter paper cellulase (FPase) activity was obtained after 96 hours of incubation with optimum conditions of media containing 5% substrate concentration...
Gulnaz Ismaylova
...main food source for the silkworm, in 2018-2020, monitoring of existing and newly planted mulberry orchards was carried out. Orosanga japonica first recorded on Morus sp. in the Sheki-Zagatala region located in the northwest, and then in the Khachmaz region, located in the northeast of Azerbaijan. Representatives of this family have not yet been registered in Azerbaijan. Besides of mulberry, the pest was registered in 11 more plant species. The article provide...
Tanmoy Mandal1 and Sunil Kr. Ghosh2*
..."font-size: small;">Muga silk worm (Antheraea assama West wood) is reared on leaves of som plant (Machilus bombycina King) because of their high nutritional value. Rearing becomes difficult due to attack of large number of insect-pests on som plant. Leaf miner(Phytomyza spp.)(Diptera: Agromyzidae) is a major pest and very harmful to som plant leaves. From observation it is found that leaf miner was found active throughout the year o...
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Iram Liaqat*, Junaid Nadeem, Hammad Aamir and Shaukat Ali
...">The notion that spider silk possesses antibacterial potential dates back to the time of ancient Greece when it was frequently used as wound dressings. In recent years, several studies have investigated the alleged antibacterial potential of spider silk but the results have largely been inconclusive. The studies either failed to consider the inhibitory effects of the processing chemicals or did not investigate whether the i...
Congfen Zhang1,Yingxiao Liu2, Linfeng He2, Fengjun Shi2, Weitang Yao2 and Xuegang Luo2,*
Ayesha Muzamil, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir, Shaukat Ali, Iram Liaqat, Aamir Ali, Muhammad Summer
...l and economic traits of silkworms.
...
Naila Shahzadi1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Shaukat Ali1, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti2, Azizullah1, Shafaat Yar Khan3, Abdul Khaliq4
...y, Pakistan is importing silk from other countries to meet the demand of local market. Nutritional background of larval stage (1st, 2nd and 3rd instars etc.) significantly influences the status of the resulting larva, pupae, adult and fiber. For this purpose, sericulture productivity has been impressively modulated by fertilizing the silkworm’s diet with natural food supplements or exogenous nutrients like Amway protei...
Guo-dong Zhao1,2*, He-ying Qian1,2, Yi-ling Zhang1,2, Gang Li1, 2, Jian Tang1, 2 and An-ying Xu1,2*
...ext-align: justify;">The silkworm, Bombyx mori, an economically important insect, is also used as a model insect for investigation. However, pesticide exposure often causes huge economic losses to the sericulture. The fat body is an important intermediate metabolic tissue, which is involved in detoxification in insects. In this study, high-throughput transcriptome sequencing was performed to investigate the gene expression differences between two
Iqtidar Hussain1, Haroon Shahzad2*, Sami Ullah2*, Muhammad Jawad Nazir1 and Muhammad Rizwan3
...(%), 50% tasselling, 50% silking, ear height (cm), stem diameter (cm), leaf area (m2), Biological yield (t ha-1), and grain yield (t ha-1), significantly affected by different weed management practices in three maize varieties. Maize variety Afghoiy interacted with Dafli (herbicide) after hand weeding registered the best treatment in all regards. However, Herbicides (Dafli and Xiawang 1X) seemed more effective in weed management over control. Horse purslane (T...
Sharon Zulfiqar1, Mubashar Hussain1*, Kiran Aftab1, Muhammad Faheem Malik1, Rizwan Khursheed2, Somia Liaqat1 and Maimoona Kanwal1
...eters of three bivoltine silkworm races fed on local mulberry. The disease-free eggs of Chinese, Korean and Bulgarian races were obtained from Sericulture Research Laboratory, Lahore. The silkworm eggs were incubated at standard conditions. Larval rearing was maintained at standard rearing conditions of temperature (25 ± 1°C), Relative Humidity (75 ± 5 %), and photoperiod (12 light: 12 dark). The experiment...
Sajid Ali1*, Shahen Shah2, Muhammad Amin3, Asad Ali Khan2, Sajjad Khan4, Dawood Ahmad5, Faiq Ahmad2, Maaz Khan2, Sikandar Azam1, Siddique Ahmad2 and Bismillah Khan2
...ys to tasseling (54) and silking (55), leaf areaplant-1 (4180 cm2), leaf area index (2.8), plant height (255 cm) and days to harvest maturity (89 were significantly affected when120 kg P ha-1 was applied. Days to tasseling (53), days to silking (55), leaf areaplant-1 (4400 cm2), leaf area index (3.1), plant height (258.6 cm) and days to harvest maturity (89) were significantly affected in plots treated at the rate of 5 kg ha...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa1*, Zahid Rızwan2 and Muhammad Atıf Majeed1
... using 11 biological and silk yielding quantitative traits. Heterosis was measured using multiple evaluation index (MEI), mid-parent heterosis (MPH) and better-parent heterosis (BPH), and hybrids were ranked using MEI and cumulative sub-ordinate function (CSF). The hybrids produced MEI >50 with the highest in PO206×J101 (63.2). All hybrids produced evaluation index (EI) >50 for filament length, while seven hybrids produced EI >50 for fecundity, ...
Sehrish Akram1, Abida Butt1* and Shakil Ahmad Khan2
..., 4th and 5th instars of silkworm. For treatment, leaf-dipping method was used and toxicity calculated after 48h exposure to the treatment. Both chemicals showed high toxicity against all instars of silkworm. However, results indicated that imidacloprid was more toxic for silkworm larvae compared to lead. The acute toxicity of imidacloprid formulation (IMF), imidacloprid technical grade (I...
Naila Shahzadi1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Azizullah1, Muhamamd Farooq Bhatti2, Shaukat Ali1, Muhamamd Summer1 and Farman Ahmad Chaudhary3
... instar (day 1) mulberry silkworms were divided into four groups of 20 each: namely a control and three experimental groups. Plain (untreated) mulberry leaves were offered to the control group while experimental groups were fed on the mulberry leaves treated with exogenous nutrients alone (5% sericin, 3% honey) and in combination (5% sericin + 3% honey). Results showed that the larval weight of G3 (3% honey) (134.95%) was 40.38% higher than control (96.13%). T...
Xiangjie Zhao1, Zheshi Kuang2, Jiyuan Yang2, Muhammad Bilal1 and Rongling Yang1*
...of solid-state fermented silkworm pupa as a fishmeal substitute were evaluated on the growth performance, immune organ indices, serum biochemical parameters, and meat quality of Lingnan yellow broiler chickens. Lingnan yellow broilers were randomly categorized into 4 groups. The control group was fed with basal diet containing 3% fishmeal, and the treatment group 1, 2, and 3 were fed basal diet with 30%, 60%, and 100% fishmeal substituted with fermented
Aamir Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Azizullah, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti, Muhammad Summer and Ali Haidar Gormani
...d in sericulture to feed silkworms. Leaves are also used in Indian spices, poultry feed and to feed herbivores. Moreover, mulberry leaves are rich in medicinal potentials and found effective against many infections and diseases. Extract of mulberry leaves can be prepared in various solvents and contain different bioactive substances including flavonoids, phenols and alkaloids. Mulberry leaves extracts have also shown significant pharmacological activities incl...
Muhammad Salman1*, Naveed Ahmed2, Mir Manzar Ud Din3, Fazli Amin4 and Arsalan Ali5
...ental stages of mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) C-21 strain by feeding different mulberry varieties and its effect on their cocoon characters during spring and autumn silkworm rearing seasons 2022. The study comprised of thirty number of larvae and cocoons of Chinese C-21 strain. The parameters that were studied in the present experiment and recorded were weight of full-grown larvae (1.4-3.6 gm), length of larvae (49-67 m...
Muhammad Farooq Bhatti1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Aamir Ali1, Hooria Ashraf Khan1, Rabia Fajar Ali2, Ayesha Muzamil1, Fariha Munir3, Fatima Ijaz1, Rizwan Khurshid3
...ring conditions of three silkworm races (Chinese, Bulgarian and Pakistani) and to compare their biological and economic traits at optimum conditions. The silkworm eggs were hatched at a range of temperatures (21-30°C) and humidity levels of 75-80-% and 80-85% respectively. The silkworms hatched at optimal conditions were provided variable meals and the leaves consumption rate was calcu...
MAIMOONA KANWAL, MUBASHAR HUSSAIN*, ZAHEER ABBAS1, SHAKIL AHMAD KHAN2, FATIMA
ZAFAR & RIZWANKHURSHEED2
...arising and ameliorating silk production in Pakistan. The performance of Bulgarian race of silkworm reared on local mulberry supplemented with vitamins(Band C) in addition to amino acids (Alanine and Glycine) was evaluated at24 - 28 ○C and 70± 5 % RH during early larval instars (1stand 2nd)and 24-28○C and 85 ± 5 % RH during last three (3rd -5th) larval instars. Early in stars were fed on chop...
Shama Sadaf1*, Ayesha Saeed1, Komal Hassan1, Zeeshan Ahmad2 and Maha Naeem Butt1
...der. Then apply a dye on silk fabric after binding it with vinegar. The dye’s colour concentration and color fastness after 15 washes. This research is based on quantitative research. This is experimental research. In this study, access the color concentration on different stages and fastness after 15 washes. In a beaker 1 tablespoon were added and boiled in 100 ml distilled water at 100oC for 10 minutes. After 10 minutes the solution was filtered. Then ...
Ndubuisi Chinedu Adikuru1*, Paul Inyang2, Abraham Agwu Ngwuta1, Chinyere Prisca Anyanwu1 and Rosemond Adaohuru Alagba1
...ime to anthesis, time to silking, interval between anthesis and silking (ASI), time to maturity and time to filling of grains were measured. Other parameters measured were the rows of grain per cob, grains per row, grains per cob, 100 seed weight and grain yield. Results showed difference in the time of occurrence of maize developmental stages (flowering and maturity) between the years (2010 and 2011). This was attributed to...
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Reproductive Characters and Yield of Selected Drought Tolerant Maize Varieties in a Rainforest Agroecology of Nigeria
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