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Luca Vitale

...ive success in different habitats.

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John Gachohi, Simon Karanja, Salome Wanyoike, Nduhiu Gitahi, Salome Bukachi, Kenneth Ngure

...soil, water and weather) habitats in Leptospira propagation. Influential habitats would serve as key targets for interventions. To achieve this aim, we have designed a pseudo-longitudinal survey to be undertaken for two years in Kibera slums in Nairobi city Kenya. Human and animal blood and urine samples will be collected at the household level whereas soil and water samples will be collected at the community level. Attempts...
Syed Fazal Baqi Kakakhel*, Asad Ullah and Abdur Rashid
...at the Markhor preferred habitats in Kalam and Mankial valleys in District Swat. Among the six sub valleys of Kalam, only Shahoo and Mahodand valleys have some population of Flare-horned Markhor whereas in Mankial the sub valleys of Basharai, Tanazgah and Bara Dara are the main habitats of this Markhor. The total number of Markhor recorded in Kalam and Mankial valleys was 136, out of which 84 were recorded in Kalam valley an...
Jun Gao1,2, Liang-Liang Yue3, Xianhuan Jiang1, Liju Ni4, Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf5, Yuxun Zhou,1 Kai Li1,* and Junhua Xiao1,*
...es, which may due to the habitats loss and environmental degradation.
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Bao-Ming Ge* Dai-Zhen Zhang, Qiu-Ning Liu, Sen-Hao Jiang, Jun Cui, Chun-Lin Zhou and Bo-Ping Tang
...ficantly different among habitats in each season as shown by one-way ANOVA, the higher abundance can be found in the warmer seasons. The highest abundance of A. vulgare occurred in forests with dike age above 100 years in summer, whereas the lowest occurred in the forests with shortest dike age in spring. Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis of individuals’ data indicated that there were significant correlations of abundances distribut...
Muhammad Abdullah1,*, Rashid A. khan2, Muhammad Rafay3, Tanveer Hussain3, Tahira Ruby4,Fariha Rehman5, Sangam Khalil3 and Sohail Akhtar6
...rotect and promote their habitats from anthropogenic activities.
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Attaullah Ansari* and Nasreen Memon 

...tudied in five different habitats of various localities of central Sindh during March to December 2015. Adult specimens were captured/trapped through Malaise trap, Yellow pan water trap and insect hand net. As a result, a total of 783 specimens belonging to 8 species, 6 genera of two subfamilies were collected, among which Episurphusbaltatus, De Geer, Eritalinus aeneus, Scopoli, and Ischiodon scutellaris, Fabricius were found to be most prevalent whereas;...
Carolina A. Bonin1,2, Eric A. Lewallen2,3, Andre J. van Wijnen3, Marta Jussara Cremer4 and Paulo C. Simões-Lopes5*
...rts to preserve critical habitats for this population of dolphins, and by extension may help inform management plans for ecologically vulnerable S. guianensis populations in other parts of their distribution.
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Muhammad Khaled Siddiq1, Ayesha Riaz2, Muhammad Akbar Khan1, Muhammad Adeeb Babar1, Khalid Mahmood1,* and Muhammad Akhtar1
... adapted to open and dry habitats of the Siwaliks.
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Muhammad Siraj-ud-Din1,2, Riaz Aziz Minhas1, Usman Ali3,*, Mayoor Khan2, Muhammad Siddique Awan1, Nuzhat Shafi1 and Basharat Ahmad1
... and hairs) in different habitats. Information on food consumption was collected by using scan sampling technique and also collected from local people, hunters and shepherds (n=78). During scan sampling, focused feeding animals were observed with the help of a telescope and spotting scope. Ladakh urial preferred montane dry sub-tropical scrub zone habitat with 41.87% evidences of its presence followed by alpine meadows/alpine scrub zone (21.14%), sub-alpine sc...

Naeem Iftikhar1, Qamar Zaman Qamar2, Usman Ali3, Muhammad Siddique Awan4, Syeda Shaista Bibi4, Riaz Aziz Minhas4*

...aration of its potential habitats as protected area to ensure the further survival of this important species.

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Zahid Farooq1, Sufi Muhammad Akram2, Muhammad Saleem Khan3,* and Muhammad Wajid4
...or alive, from different habitats of the southern Punjab, Pakistan, were identified based on external morphological features. Total 521 specimens collected/captured belonged to 5 families, 16 genera and 25 species. Indian cobra (Naja naja)(8.83%; N = 46), Glossy-bellied racer(Coluber ventromaculatus)(7.87%; N = 41) and Common krait (Bungarus caeruleus)(7.49%; N = 39) were higher in prevalence. Northern wolf snake (Lycodon striatu...
Alptug Sari*, Ahmet Arpacik and Sagdan Baskaya
... scale. Deterioration of habitats of birds as well as other forms of life has been considered to be the most important factor. Even though the importance of wetland ecosystems is well known, no remarkable effort for saving the Erzurum Marshes, was observed.
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 Gul Zamin Khan*, Imtiaz Ali Khan**, Inamullah Khan* and Mian Inayatullah**

OUTDOOR BREEDING OF MOSQUITO SPECIES AND ITS POTENTIAL EPIDEMIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...uito breeding in outdoor habitats. Larvae were collected from various mosquito breeding habitats such as irrigation channels, irrigation water leakages, pots, vase, tyres, temporary containers stagnant flood waters, etc. Ovitraps were used as monitoring tools in urban areas of the selected sites. Results showed that mosquitoes are active throughout the year with their most active season during May, September and October. The...

 Sameera Arshad*, Iftikhar Hussain*, Maqsood Anwar* and Sarwat Naz Mirza*

HABITAT SURVEY FOR RECOGNIZING BIRD ATTRACTANTS AROUND BENAZIR BHUTTO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN

 Farid Asif Shaheen*, Sadia Parveen*, Ahmed Zia**, Ghulam Qadir*,
Mureed Husain*** and Rifat Ullah Khan****

PREDATORY APTNESS OF ANTS AGAINST RED FLOUR BEETLE, TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM HERBST (TENEBRIONIDAE: COLEOPTERA) IN WHEAT FLOUR
...om forest and non-forest habitats and compared for their predation against different life stages of RFB. Results showed D. labiatus of forest habitat as an efficient pupal predator that consumed 91.66% pupae of RFB. It was significantly different from non-forest ant population and control with 73.33% and 11.66% pupal predation, respectively. C. rufipes from forest habitat showed maximum adult predation (25%), which was significantly higher than non-forest ant ...
Zheng Quan Jiang1,2, Feng Shan Li3, Jiang Hong Ran1,*, Chen Hao Zhao1, Man Zhang1 and Hua Li4
...three kinds of nest-site habitats, there were no significant differences in nest length and nest width, but differences were found in nest height and nest volume in the order: lake nests >river nests >swamp nests, indicating that nest size of Black-necked Cranes was also related to nest-site habitat. Nest length, nest width, nest height and nest volume were all found to be the greatest in April while the smallest in June with medium size in May, implying...
Wei Dang1, Ning Xu1, Wen Zhang1, Jing Gao2, Handong Fan1 and Hongliang Lu 1,*
... but with different microhabitats. We observed considerable variation in Hsp70 expression; the constitutive Hsp70 expression varied between organs and between species under heat shock. P. chinensis began to express Hsp70 significantly at 39°C and with the maximum expression at 41°C. S. indicus and S. modesta began to express Hsp70 significantly at 35°C, and a temperature above 37°C resulted in fatality for some individuals....
Fouzia Tabssum1* and Syed Shahid Ali2
...cing bacteria from local habitats. To enrich the diversity of isolated bacteria that produce pectinase, samples were collected from the soil, water, fruits and vegetables wastes. Initial screening of pectinase producing bacteria was carried out on pectin containing agar plates of pH 7 incubated at 37ºC. Among isolated thirty-seven strains, a total of thirteen strains showed satisfactory pectinase productivity. Pectinase production of the thirteen strains ...
Fouzia Tabssum1* and Syed Shahid Ali2
...cing bacteria from local habitats. To enrich the diversity of isolated bacteria that produce pectinase, samples were collected from the soil, water, fruits and vegetables wastes. Initial screening of pectinase producing bacteria was carried out on pectin containing agar plates of pH 7 incubated at 37ºC. Among isolated thirty-seven strains, a total of thirteen strains showed satisfactory pectinase productivity. Pectinase production of the thirteen strains ...
Muhammad Umar1, Mubashar Hussain1,*, Ghulam Murtaza1, Farid Asif Shaheen2 , Fatima Zafar1
... the protection of their habitats, and to prevent the illegal hunting and poaching, mitigating agricultural and industrial pollution, preventing water reservoirs from heavy metal poisoning are important considerations. Ceasing anthropogenic activities along with the mass awareness programs on electronic and print media could be effective conservation strategies during the period of their stay in Pakistan.
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Zakirullah Jan1, Shamsher Ali1*, Tariq Sultan2, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Zahir Shah1 and Farmanullah Khan1 

...fferent and such complex habitats freely and symbiotic association with large numbers of plants and microbial mats. In this regard, a pot experiment was carried out with the aim to assess the impact of different strains of cyanobacteria on rice crop growth and nutrients uptake under saline soil condition at National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Islamabad Pakistan during summer 2016. A total of 18 experimental pots were induced with salinity of 7.0 dS m...
Yuan Li1, Liyan Zhang2, Karhoe Loh3, Ji Feng1, Xinqing Zheng1, Puqing Song1 and Longshan Lin1,*
...>to adapt to the diverse habitats, unique haplotypes were ultimately formed under the differing pressures of natural selection. This study is expected to provide a basis for future research of the population genetics of P. minor.
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Mouslim Bara1,2,* and Luciano N. Segura3
...ators to monitor natural habitats and wetland changes. Climate is widely recognized as a major predictor of bird abundance and richness along large-scale environmental gradients, but mechanisms by which climate influences the bird abundance are still unknown. We analyzed seasonal variations on the bird community structure of Rallidae and Anatidae families in the northeastern Algerian Garaet Hadj Tahar for three consecutive years (September 2012 to August 2015)...
Abderraouf Chouaib Rebbah1, Mohcen Menaa2,*, Salah Telailia3,Menouar Saheb1 and Mohamed Cherif Maazi2
... was set in three forest habitats of Sidi Reghis Mountain within the province of Oum El Bouaghi (north-eastern Algeria). We conducted the first bird survey in this area using the point count method to describe the composition of woodland breeding avifauna and to analyze the spatial distribution among habitat types (oak woodlands, pine woodlands and oak-pine mixed woodlands). A total of 69 species were observed. One species was recorded only in mixed oak-pine f...

 Zhi Yijin and Shao Mingqin*

... maintenance of suitable habitats for the scaly-sided merganser is imminent as the species is at risk of extinction due to its small population size. The total sex ratio of the merganser during the study period was 0.397 (n = 790) and the average sex ratio was 0.43 ± 0.26 (n = 148) for each group, similar to the results obtained in previous years in Jiangxi province (0.378–0.4588). These data indicate that the wintering sex ratio of the merganser ...
Guo-hai Wang1, Zai-xi Yang1, Pan Chen1, Wei-ning Tan2 and Chang-hu Lu1,*
...generation in particular habitats by frugivorous birds are of great concern. In this study, we recorded the bird’s seed foraging and dispersing behavior of local bird species to examine their role in dispersing seeds of Kmeria septentrionalis, an endangered tree species in a karst habitat in southwest China. Twenty-seven bird species were recorded feeding on its seeds, and fourteen bird species were confirmed as seeds dispersers. The chestnut bulb...
Tianlong Cai1, Falk Huettmann2, Kisup Lee3 and Yumin Guo1,*
...ribution of the stopover habitats for hooded cranes in the East Asia. A machine learning modeling algorithm of maximum entropy (MaxEnt) weas applied and evaluated with Stochastic Gradient Boosting and Random Forests based on 115 every year used occurrence points (1990-2013) and 14 environmental layers as predictors. Results show that the Songnen Plain and Korea Peninsula are the most important stopover habitats. Four other m...
Fakhra Soomro1,*, Riffat Sultana2 and Muhammad Saeed Wagan2
... stages occupied similar habitats as that of adults and their appropriate stages were differentiated through combination of characters i.e. coloration, morphometry, pronotum, femur bands, wing pad position and appearance of bands.
...
Hui Wang1, Lin Wang1, Xuanlu Li1, Shanshan Li1, Yongqiang Zhao2, Shicheng Lv2, Xinrong Xu1, Guang Yang1 and Bingyao Chen1,*
... than that in artificial habitats (aquaculture and farmland), which reached 81.0%, 13.9% higher than aquaculture and farmlands. These observations suggest that the northern buffer zone comprises of vital habitats for bird population. We recommend that priority should be given to the northern buffer zone to preserve the original habitat, whereas conversion of the original habitat to aquaculture and farmland use should be give...
Emre Barlas1 and Elif Yamaç2,*
...nce and loss of foraging habitats. In this study, cave-dwelling bat species and habitat preferences were investigated in Northwest of Central Anatolia in spring, summer and winter. Investigations were performed in 26 caves hosting (15) and not hosting (11) bats. Temperature, humidity, length of caves, distance to nearest settlement, paved road, water source, agricultural area; height, width and orientation of cave entrance and activity of cave values were dete...
Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,2, Abdul Majid Khan2*, Ayesha Iqbal2, Amtur Rafeh2, Muhammad Tahir Waseem2 and Muhammad Ameen2
...rests were the preferred habitats for extinct tragulids present during the middle Miocene in the Siwaliks.
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Nadeem Munawar1,2*, Tariq Mahmood2, Paula Rivadeneira1, Ali Akhter2 and Saqib Mehmood2
.... management of non-crop habitats, cleaning of crop cache in post harvested fields, management of wild natural vegetation providing food and cover during non-crop seasons that would seem essential to maintenance of habitats for rodent species in agricultural landscapes
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Sana Aslam1, Wayne Thomas Shier2 and Imran Sajid1*
...cetes from less explored habitats may be an alternate solution to this challenge. The aim of this study was to explore the actinobacterial diversity of the saline lake, situated in the salt range, Punjab, Pakistan and to screen them for antagonistic activities against multi drug resistant pathogens and to characterize the bioactive metabolites produced by them. A total of seventy strains of actinomycetes were isolated from lake samples, out of them only forty ...
Zhi Yi Jin and Shao Ming Qin*
...scale, the main foraging habitats of this species include woodlands and farmlands. The largest proportion of woodland in the habitats was 88.70%. Proportion of shoals in foraging habitats at 500-m, 1000-m, 1500-m and 5000-m scales were larger than that in control plots, indicating that the presence of shoals is an important factor determining habitat selection of this bird. At micro-habita...
Muhammad Waseem, Tariq Mahmood*, Abid Hussain, Abdul Hamid, Faraz Akrim, Shaista Andleeb and Hira Fatima
...Sign density was high in habitats having thick, dense and broad-leaved forest with steep slopes having the water resource/s. Sightings of the bear were the highest in the month of July (32%), and the least from November 2016 to March 2017. A total of 74 livestock were killed (in previous five years span) by Asiatic black bear including goats (75%), sheep (14%), and cows (11%), amounting to economic loss of 15,240 US$. Moreover, 16,420 kg maize was damaged by A...
Muhammad Tahir Waseem1, Abdul Majid Khan1*, Saliha Khalid1, Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,2, Ayesha Iqbal1, Muhammad Ameen1
...the Late Miocene Siwalik habitats of Potwar Plateau. At the apex of molar, crown is narrow and represents selenodonty in Selenoportax, while a broader crown in Pachyportax which indicates strong hypsodonty. The present sample add valuable information on systematics, dental morphology and dietary habits of the Late Miocene (7-5 Ma) boselaphines which are represented today by their living kin Boselaphus tragocamelus and Tetracerus quadric...
Zhi Yijin, Shao Mingqin* and Li Quanjiang
... were identified. Of six habitats, 64% (15,435 individuals) of the total number of wading birds counted occurred in water-covered areas. The common crane Grus grus has the widest habitat niche (0.727), utilizing grasslands and farmland after crops were harvested, where it ate vegetation (roots) or seeds. Shorebirds have narrow habitat niches, and are limited largely to shallow water areas. Of species pairs, the pied avocet Recurvirostra avosetta ...
He Wenyun, Zhi Yijin and Shao Mingqin*
...; 113.80 m. The foraging habitats were far from sources of disturbance such as mine factory (2.70 ± 0.48), village (286.10 ± 168.97 m) and road (114.50 ± 105.01 m). Our study showed that riverbank vegetation (Z=-2.614, P=0.009), distance to village (Z=-2.859, P=0.004) and road (Z=-2.085, P=0.037) in the foraging habitats were significantly higher than in control ...
Fanrong Xiao, Jichao Wang and Haitao Shi*
...nd occupy different microhabitats (steep, rocky hillslopes vs gentle, less rocky hillslopes). However, it is unclear how these differences are related to performance. In this study, we test the relationship between morphology and functional performance in these two species. The Keeled box turtle has a flatter shell, larger head, longer toes, better clinging ability, and better self-righting ability, whereas the Flowerback box turtle has a more domed shell, sma...
Sukhpreet Kaur Sidhu*, Gurkirat Singh Sekhon, Randeep Kaur Aulakh and Tejdeep Kaur Kler
...directly in agricultural habitats.
...
Hongqun Li1*, Xiaoli Liu2*, Zongxian Han1, Shabin Wu1 and Changlei Cao1
...lts showed that foraging habitats were characterized by broadleaved forest, mid and upper slope location, and gully while day-roosting habitats by ridge, upper slope location, and sunny slope. The foraging sites utilized by the birds also featured higher altitude, steeper slope, bigger tree heights and diameter, smaller shrub cover and lower herb height, and higher sheltering class. The overall classification model developed...
Rahmat Ullah Khan, Asif Sadam and Sajid Mahmood*
... 2017-April, 2018. Known habitats were divided into three categories: 1) vertical barren rocks 2) rocky vegetation slopes and 3) grassy mountainous slopes near agricultural fields. The average monthly population density was 0.198±0.04/ha by line transect method. During the period June, July, September and October 2017, significantly (P<0.05) high population density was recorded as compared to the population density recorded during May, August,...

 Amjad Ali1*, Pirzada Jamal Ahmad Siddiqui1, Naveed Ahmad2,Shabir Ali Amir3, Rafaqat Masroor3,Seema Shafique1 and Zaib-un-Nisa Burhan1

...hes from different coral habitats along the coast of Pakistan. Additionally, potential threats and conservation strategies were also discussed. SCUBA diving was conducted at 10 different dive sites along the coastline. Relative abundance of the fishes was determined using visual techniques. Sea water physiochemical parameters were determined. A total of 58 fish species in 33 genera and 24 families were recorded at 10 different dive sites. High diversity occurr...
Bin Liu1,2, Libo Wang2, Dandan Xue2, Peng Xu1, Yuting An2 and Changhu Lu1*
...search of other suitable habitats.
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Asif Sadam*, Rahmat Ullah Khan and Sajid Mahmood
...nce estimation, in three habitats: urban area, residential area, and agricultural area. Twelve sampling sites were selected in well-defined habitats in Mardan district. Bird species traits were taken from field observations and published literature. The trend and variation in traits was recorded along a sampled gradient of decreasing urbanization from urban area to agricultural area within district Mardan. These traits were ...
Arshad Ali1, Muhammad Nasir Khan Khattak2*, Muhammad Ali Nawaz3 and Shoaib Hameed3
...iving close to carnivore habitats sometimes develop a negative attitude towards them because of the damages they cause. Such an attitude has costs, both for wild carnivores and local communities. Human costs are mostly in the form of economic loss to property and infrastructure, damage to crops, and depredation on livestock. In northern Pakistan where large carnivores like common leopard (Panthera pardus), snow leopard (Panthera uncia), Asiatic b...
Abeera Razzaq1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique3 and Qingyou Liu3
... discharged into aquatic habitats could pose a serious threat to the aquatic life like fish. These metals have ability to induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS can interact with nucleic acids and cause oxidation of DNA. The potential of ROS to damage DNA has become a topic of significant interest for environmental toxicology studies. Thepresent research was conducted to assess the genotoxic potential of cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr)...
Pengfei Liu*, Xuexue Qin and Fei Shang
...xpected to use different habitats characteristics for nesting. We looked for possible differences in breeding ecology of two bird species, the plain laughingthrush Garrulax davidi concolor and Elliot,s laughingthrush Trochalopteron elliotii in lianhuashan, try to figure out the mechanisms permit stable coexisting of these two species, and hypothesized that the different nesting site selection favours coexisting of these two species. We...
Zunaira Noreen* and Khawar Sultan
...rming landfills into new habitats by changing the wild profile of native species. This study aims to establish the baseline situation of avian diversity and abundance on various land uses including the landfill at Gujranwala in northeastern Punjab, Pakistan, and understanding the impact of urban solid waste in changing bird behavior. Field observations in a variety of land uses (agriculture, forest, lake, urban and landfill) in summer 2018 using the point coun...
Romaan Hayat Khattak, Zhensheng Liu* and Liwei Teng*
...marily destroyed natural habitats, due to which captive breeding has become an important conservation tool. Besides conservation, it also provides opportunities for education, research, and recreational activities. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, several wild ungulate species are raised in captivity. However, there is a lack of detailed information about the ex-situ conservation status of these species. The present study gives a piece of benchmark infor...
Amin Arif1, Khizar Samiullah1*, Riffat Yasin2, Bilal Rasool1, Shakila Naz1, Xijun Ni3 and Saleem Akhtar1
...ce of mosaics of diverse habitats ranging from tropical evergreen forest to subtropical ones, closed seasonal woodlands to wooded savannas during the deposition of the Dhok Bun Ameer Khatoon, Chinji Formation.
...
Romaan Hayat Khattak1, Zhensheng Liu1*, Liwei Teng1* and Ejaz ur Rehman2
...small;">Natural wildlife habitats are regularly encroached by humans for different purposes, which are heading the biodiversity towards dramatic falls. The presence of several endangered species in many areas remains unveiled due to the lack of faunal inventories. In such situations, it is imperative to make proper records of the existing fauna on local scales to strengthen the conservation practices. Twenty-one species representing 18 genera, 12 families and ...

Asif Sadam1*, Rahmat Ullah Khan1, Sajid Mahmood1 and Juma Gul2

...akhtunkhwa has different habitats; it represents a useful ecological model to identify the effect of habitat heterogeneity on bird communities. We conducted the study to explore the local avian fauna and to compare its composition and diversity in different habitats. Bird species were identified employing point counts method in urban area; agricultural area with small forest chunk and water body. Twenty four point counts wer...

Hongqun Li1,*, Liganag Xing1, Xiaoli Liu2, Yonglan Pu3, Yuqing Yang3 and Yongyao Fu1

...le and moderate suitable habitats.

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Arif Mehmood*, Muhammad Naeem and Ata-ul-Mohsin

... was done from specified habitats fortnightly. A total of 3,997 adult and immatures of mosquitoes belonging to 5 genera and 28 species were collected. Culex spp. were found throughout year, Anopheles spp. through March-November. Armigeres spp. through January-November, Aedes spp. through April-November and Lutzia spp. were found in the months January-March and June-November. Seasonal distribution pattern is an asset in controlling any epidemic occurred due to ...
Fei Kong1,2, Qingjun Zhu1, Fanrong Xiao1, Jacob Mueti Ngwawa1, Hongxing Zhang2 and Haitao Shi1*
...individuals from natural habitats, the analysis result showed that the species diet was noted to be primarily omnivorous and comprised 23 prey taxa classified into nine groups: plant (4), fish (1), frog (1), earthworm (1), insect (9), mollusk (3), shrimp (2), and other miscellaneous items.

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Seok-Jun Son1,3, Sung-Kyung Lee1, Jung-Woo Oh1, In-Kyu Kim2, Dal-Ho Kim2, Bo-Ra Hyun1 and Jung-Hoon Kang1,*

...the migration routes and habitats of additional individuals and establish a management plan for the conservation of Chinese egrets’ habitat.
...

Jae-Kang Lee, Hyun-Su Hwang, Tae-Kyung Eom, Dong-Ho Lee and Shin-Jae Rhim*

...aging wildlife and their habitats. We examined the effects of slope gradient on small rodent populations and their microhabitat conditions from May to November 2015 in a tree-thinned Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) plantation in South Korea. Study animals were captured using Sherman live traps. We surveyed slope gradient and microhabitat conditions at multiple trapping points. We focused on two rodent species for statistical analysis, the striped field mouse ...

Mei Zhao1,2, Xiaoqin Zeng1, Wancai Xia1, Baoping Ren3,4, Hao Feng1, Fan Wang1, Qihai Zhou5,6* and Dayong Li1,7*

...rimates in their natural habitats are rare. Here, we document our observations of birth processes and related behaviors via scan sampling and focal animal samples during the birth of two infant Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti) in 2017. One of the infants was born during diurnal to a multiparous female, while the other one was a nocturnal birth to a primiparous female. Actual parturition lasted only 7 min for diurnal birth. During the parturition...

Tariq Mahmood1*, Shakeela Ismail1, Faraz Akrim2, Muhammad Farooq1, Nadeem Munawar1 and Muhammad Raza Khan1

... surveying the potential habitats and recording its direct and indirect field signs (such as scats, pug marks, prey remains, hairs), while diet composition was investigated by using noninvasive technique of scat analysis. Results showed grey wolf being distributed at an elevation range of 3921 m to 4282 m above sea level (asl) in the park. Scat analysis showed 7 wild and 6 domestic prey species in its diet, with approximately 47 % contribution from livestock a...

Xinran Wang1,2 and Lizhi Zhou1,2*

...waterbirds choosing more habitats to forage and facing increased intensity of anthropogenic disturbance. Usually feeding in a large flock could provide safety by the vigilance partners through coordinated and synchronous vigilance modes. In this paper, we aimed to shed light on behavioral strategies adaptive to anthropogenic disturbances. Vigilance behavior of wintering Grus monacha was observed to assess the effect of traffic intensity on their vigilance mode...

Yue Ren1, Ting Jia2, Hao Zhang1, Zhengkun Wang1 and Wanlong Zhu1*

...pulations from different habitats remain largely unknown or are controversial. In the present study focuing on T. belangeri chinensis that from Mengla, Puer, Jingdong, Kunmimng, Chuxiong, Dali, Pianma and Lijiang. Using microsatellite approaches, we observed considerable genetic variation and high heterozygosity in T. belangeri chinensis populations in different Yunnan province, and Chuxiong population and Lijiang population had relative low genetic diversity....
Muhammad Younis1, Sami Ullah1, Fathul Bari1, Muhammad Asif2, Muhammad Ilyas2, Mahvish Rauf2, Ejaz Ur Rehman3, Rubina Noor4, Muhammad Arif4 and Muhammad Ali Nawaz5*
... different types of microhabitats is recommended for future studies.

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Arif Mehmood1*, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Waqas Raza2, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1

...inhabit diverse types of habitats depending upon host preference, biotic and abiotic characteristics of the habitats. This study mainly targeted the collection, identification, and sorting of mosquitoes habitat-wise in the Attock district of Pothwar region. Collection of specimens was done from specified habitats during 2014-16. A total of fourteen species belonging to four genera were col...

Arif Mehmood1*, Muhammad Naeem2, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Nadra Khan3 and Waqas Raza4

...ed in 2014-16, different habitats including, graveyards, scrapyards, forest areas, streams, crops, residential areas, and animal sheds were specified in Jhelum district. Surveys for the collection of mosquitoes were made and a total of 365 specimens were collected. These specimens were identified as Culex (9), Anopheles (6), Lutzia (2), Aedes (2), and Armigeres (2) and deposited in the Biosystematics Laboratory of Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University...

Barbosa Carla1*, Gregori Fabio2, Thomazelli Luciano1, Oliveira Amanda1, Araújo Jansen1, Ometto Tatiana1, Marcatti Roberta3, Nardi Marcelo3, Paludo Danielle4, Utecht Nathalia1 and Edison Durigon1

...">Degradation of natural habitats has been described by many previous studies as a major factor in the transmission of infectious diseases, once it leads to changes on migration patterns and dispersal of birds, as resting and feeding points become scarcer resulting in agglomeration of different species. One pathogen of greatest importance that may be dispersed by birds are the coronaviruses (CoVs). Despite its relevance and complexity, studies on the detection...

Aiman Amur1*, Nasreen Memon1, Khalida Unar2 and Roshan Jamali3

...ological margins and its habitats, host effects on the occurrence of this decisive pest. This study was steered in district Naushahro feroze of Sindh Pakistan during mango season of 2014-2015. Actually, this district is well known according to citreous fruity land Pakistan where lot of citreous fruits cultivated. The selected 2 hectors orchards per of mango field in per-taluka (five talukas) with different varieties of mango; 10 traps and lures were hanged in ...

Mutasim Billah1, Sardar Azhar Mehmood1, Abdul Rauf Bhatti2*, Ahmed Zia2, Shabir Ahmed1, Waqas Ahmad2, Kiran Shahjeer3, and Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi4

...re conducted in variable habitats such as natural vegetation, cropped, fields, and urban areas and specimens were collected during active season of 2018 and 2019yielding a total of 95 specimens five species (Myllocerus delicatulus, M. undatus, Lixus augustus, Ammocleonus aschabadensis, Rhynchophorous ferrugineus) under four genera (Myllocerus, Lixus, Ammocleonus, Rhynchophorous and 3 subfamilies (Lixinae, Entiminae and Dryophthorinae). For each recorded specie...

Usman Ali1,2*, Basharat Ahmad1, Riaz Aziz Minhas1, Muhammad Kabir3, Muhammad Siddique Awan1, Liaqat Ali Khan1 and Muhammad Bashir Khan1

...th knowledge of suitable habitats. Habitat suitability models (HSMs) have wide use in the understanding of niche requirements, hence prioritizing management and conservation issues for threatened species. This study aimed to identify the current range and suitable habitat of black bear in Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ&K) using the maximum entropy model. Field surveys were conducted between 2015 and 2020 to collect data using direct and indirect evidence. Maxi...
Lubna Anjum Minhas, Abdul Samad Mumtaz*, Muhammad Kaleem, Rooma Waqar and Jamila Annum 
...rom ecologically diverse habitats of Tehsil Gujar Khan, District Rawalpindi. A microscopic image data was used to identify algal species. A total of 30 species were recorded that belonged to 4 orders, 11 families, and 14 genera. Clamydomonas reinardtii, Acutodesmus obliquus and Cosmarium isthmocondrum are new record from Pakistan. Among identified taxa, Scenedesmus was the dominant genus with 8 species and their contribution was 26.6%. The 2nd most dominant ge...

Peng Xu1, Yankuo Li2*, Shusong Zhang1 and Bin Liu3

...odent species than other habitats. Crocidura Dracula, Micromys minutus, Lepus sinensis, A. agrarius, Rattus nitidu, Tamiops swinhoei and R. norvegicus were each trapped in only one habitat. Among habitats, bamboo planting areas showed the highest diversity index and richness index of rodent community, while farmland harbored the highest dominance index and lowest diversity index. Rodent communities were classified into three...

Abdul Hadi, Muhammad Rais*, Ifrah Muddassir, Abdullah Tasib, Maria Zafar and Sumbul Gill

...ferent among the studied habitats. The encounter rate is provided as an index of monitoring and bioassesmnet of the National Park. The bioassessment of the National Park, based on the studied biometrics using avifauna as an indicator of biotic integrity, revealed excellent biotic integrity.

...

Rida Ahmad1,2*, Zulfiqar Ali2*, Farkhanda Manzoor1, Usman Ahmad3, Safdar Sidra4, Irfan Zainab2, Muhammad Furqan2, Aliza Batool1,2 and Zaidi Zona2

...the carrying capacity of habitats to support species diversity and maintain viable population. Avian studies provide substantial information about these changes as birds are predictor of ecological disturbances. The current research explored the avian diversity, richness, abundance and their feeding habit in selected habitats of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) and Gilgit Baltistan (GB). Data were collected from May 2017 to October 2...

Asif Sadam1*, Rahmat Ullah Khan2, Karim Gabol2*, Muhammad Awais3,4, Mohammad Ismail1, Sajid Mahmood1, Muhammad Aslam4 and Hamidullah5

...r wild animals and their habitats.

...

Kyu-Jung Kim and Shin-Jae Rhim*

...with the conservation of habitats and landscapes in urban streams. Further research should be conducted on the conservation of waterbirds and their habitat in the future.

...

Wen Xiong1*, Shengao Chen2, Dong Xie3, Qiang Wang4, Yanxia Li5, Lei Pan6, Xiaolei Ren7*, Wei Tang8*, Kang Chen9 and Ross N. Cuthbert10

...ture change and identify habitats to protect. The Qiantang River is the largest river in the Zhejiang Province, located in the southeast of China, with extensive fishery and aquaculture sectors. However, synthetic information on freshwater fish biodiversity and invasions in this region is lacking, impeding conservation efforts. We compile published information and empirical surveys to comprehensively discern the fish community of the Qiantang River. There are ...

Muhammad Altaf1*, Arshad Javid2, Abdul Majid Khan3, Sadia Nazer4, Irfan5, Khalid Javed Iqbal6, Muhammad Sultan Haider7 and Sana Ashraf7

...ell as slightly modified habitats while northern palm squirrel, house mouse, house shrew and rat species preferred human habitations. Similarly, a few species like small Indian mongoose, soft-furred field rat, short tailed mole rat, Asiatic jackal and Indian gerbil preferred cultivated areas. It can be concluded from present study that many of the mammalian species area habitat specific and corridors and connections among different landscapes are important for...

Weidong Liu, Jiashen Tian, Zhen Wang, Zhongren Kong, Jiabo Han and Zhichuang Lu*

...eal populations in other habitats. Fortunately, the genetic diversity of the current Liaodong Gulf spotted seal population was higher than 15 years ago, and the population expanded between 2005 and 2020. Our findings indicated that conservation activities for Liaodong Gulf spotted seals in recent decades have been valuable, and should persist in the future.

...

Romaan Hayat Khattak1, Shakeel Ahmed2, Liwei Teng1,3* and Zhensheng Liu1,3*

...t is crucial to evaluate habitats to design robust conservation strategies. We used maximum entropy modeling (MaxEnt) to identify suitable habitats for red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Nowshera district, Pakistan. MaxEnt was applied to 62 red fox occurrence points and topographical and current bioclimatic variables. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) values obtained in the present study, i.e., the area under the curve (AU...

Adeel Kazam1, Safdar Sidra2, Zulfiqar Ali1*, Rida Ahmad1,3, Ahmad Bilal1 and Aliza Batool1,3

...nds are one of the major habitats that play a vital role in the survival of biodiversity. The recent study aimed to evaluate diversity, abundance and threats to birds of an important Ramsar site, Uchalli Wetland Complex, along with Ahmedabad lake. Data were collected by direct (point count) as well as indirect method (interviews) from December 2020 to May 2021. In total, 139 avian species of 27,450 individuals were recorded at study sites. Results revealed tha...
Muhammad Furqan1*, Zulfiqar Ali1, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad2, Rida Ahmad1, Faraz Akrim3, Imad-ul-Din Zangi4
...f hotspots and potential habitats for kalij pheasant can be considered as an important initiative to conserve the species.

...

Farhana Umer1, Muhammad Sheryar2 and Sangam Khalil3*

... and have affected their habitats significantly. Dangerous types of power poles in the middle voltage lines which have small distances between the lines and short insulators cause short-circuits between conductor wires or ground-faults. This paper presents a survey conducted in Multan city, Pakistan. In this survey, all 132kV high voltage grids and their 11kV outgoing feeders are observed and their locations are also marked on Google map. This survey includes ...

Hualong Jiang1, Tao Li2,3*, Jing Xiang3, Hanqing Yang3 and Maolin He3

...ogical status of benthic habitats is important in marine ecosystem management. Sea-crossing bridges have been constructed worldwide to facilitate human travels and transactions. However, limited information is available on the ecological impacts of bridge constructions on local microeukaryotic compositions and functional shifts. In the present study, next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were performed to compare changes of microeukaryotic com...

Mubashar Hussain*, Habiba Razaq, Muhammad Faheem Malik, Kiran Aftab, Jaweria Riaz and Somia Liaqat

... inhabit a wide range of habitats. The diversity of carabid beetles in Pakistan has not yet been studied extensively, despite their diversified ecological roles. In the present study, the ground beetle communities from three subdivisions of district Mandi Bahauddin (Phalia, Malakwal and Mandi Bahauddin) were sampled by handpicking and placing pitfall traps from August 2020 to July 2021. A total of 4008 specimens were collected which belonged to 18 species, 11 ...

Wang Teng1,2,3,4, Li Chunhou1,2,3,4, Liu Yong1,2,3,4* and Zhu Ren5*

...s including overfishing, habitats destruction, pollution and eutrophication, and non-native species have seriously threaten the biodiversity of fish in the Beibu Gulf. However, the information about fish fauna in this region is very poorly which limiting the conservation of fish biodiversity and sustainability of the fishery. In this study, we calculated taxonomic features of fish in the Beibu Gulf based on the sampling and observational field data obtained fr...

Sukhpreet Kaur Sidhu1*, Gurkirat Singh Sekhon1, Sachin Kumar1, Tejdeep Kaur Kler1 and Anureet Kaur Chandi2

...of ponds in agricultural habitats.

...
Rahmat Ullah Khan*1, Karim Gabol1, Abbas Khan1, Asif Sadam2, Waheed Ali Panhwar3, Hamid Ullah5, Muhsin Ali4, Gul Bacha Khan4 and Habib Ul Hassan1
...a include destruction of habitats, soil erosion, human interaction, drought, illegal killing, predation, water pollution, scarcity of food, and unfavorable environmental conditions. The study area is rich in bird diversity however, awareness campaigns and enforcement of legislation are required on a priority basis to conserve the avian diversity, distribution, and address the threats.

...

Alif Rahman Rohim Puarada*, Safika, Agustin Indrawati

...d bird species in remote habitats, suggesting the potential for these avian populations to serve as reservoirs and sources for emergent AMR profiles. Recognizing the critical role of wildlife in AMR dynamics this study focuses on birds of paradise, indigenous to Indonesia. Their gastrointestinal microbiome, intricately shaped by a unique ecological milieu, presents a compelling avenue for exploring AMR genes’ reservoir and dissemination mechanisms. Fecal...

HANNANA MARYAM, SANA MAQSOOD & SIKANDER ALI*

...collected from different habitats of Lahore(Pakistan) for the isolation of bacterial cultures. After primary and secondary screening, ISL-4 (0.53 IBU/ml) and ISL-7 (0.6 IBU/ml) were selected having better potential for bacteriocin. A significant (p≤0.05) increase in laterosporulin biosynthesis was observed when the parameters like medium volume, buffer pH (7.0) and incubation temperature (37°C) were optimized. Antimicrobial potential of laterosporulin w...

Xin Niu1, Xuelan Fang2, Sang Ba3, Yihao Fang1,4, Davide Fornacca1,7, Kun Tan1,4, Yanpeng Li1,4,5*, Zhipang Huang1,4,5* and Wen Xiao1,4,5,6,7

...mate species in mountain habitats. Our findings suggest that, to support the coexistence and survival of these two primate species living in high altitude montane regions, the habitats along the overall elevational gradients should be included in wildlife conservation policies.

...

Pakistan Journal of Zoology

April

Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 56, Iss. 2, pp. 503-1000

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