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Ashley C. Banyard1* and Satya Parida2

...emic. Further the recent description of the disease in naïve populations of animals have demonstrated an expansion of the distribution of the disease. Having been in the shadow of rinderpest virus for decades little is understood regarding factors that influence the outcome of infection with both viral and host genetics being thought to influence the outcome of disease. Following the successful global eradication of rinderpest virus, peste des petits r...

Zisha Liu1, Na Song1, Takashi Yanagimoto2, Zhiqiang Han3, Bonian Shui3 and Tianxiang Gao3*

Md. Yeamin Hossain1,*, Md. Alomgir Hossen1, Md. Nasir Uddin Pramanik1, Fairuz Nawer1, Md. Mosaddequr Rahman2, Suraiya Sharmin1, Dalia Khatun1, A. H. Bahkali3, Abdallah M. Elgorban3 and Khairun Yahya4
...irst complete, inclusive description on life-history traits of B. dario, including ─ sex ratio, length-frequency distributions (LFDs), length-weight relationships (LWRs), length-length relationships (LLRs), condition factors (allometric, KA; Fulton’s, KF; relative, KR), relative weight (WR), form factor (a3.0), size at first sexual maturity (Lm<...

Bijan Kumar Das

Incidence of Aleurocanthus spp. (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) on betelvine (Piper betle L.) and their interaction with host plants
...pecies of Aleurocanthus (description under process) was recorded from West Bengal. This had also been found to occur on Piper longum L. Another species, A. nubilance (Buckton) which was recorded on betelvine in Bangladesh during 1900, was not recorded in this area. Detection of host resistance against insect pests is very relevant for genetic improvement programmes. Till date, scanty information is available on the source of tolerance, if any, against betelvin...

Nilesh Suresh Gole and Bijan Kumar Das

Biology of Dichromia sagitta (Fabricius) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera), a serious pest of Indian ipecac, Tylophora indica
Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,*, Muhammad Ather Rafi2, Fatima Sellami3 and Muhammad Afzal1
...al morphology, published descriptions and male genitalia micrometry. Nine species were identified belonging to 9 genera and 4 subfamilies occurring along with 10 trophic associations. Five species viz; Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus 1758), Hippodamia variegata (Goeze 1777), Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius 1781), Micraspis allardi (Mulsant 1853) and Propylea dissecta (Mulsant 1850) belonged to tribe Coccinellini (Latre...
Teresa Napiórkowska* and Julita Templin
...tudy contains a detailed description of a larva of the Eratigena atrica spider, which had a well-developed prosoma and an additional, partly developed head with two segmented pedipalps and one chelicera with two fangs. The larva was obtained as a result of a teratological experiment based on the application of temperatures of 14 and 32°C changed every 12 h for the first ten days of spider embryogenesis.
...
Pan Hong, Ruonan Li, Yumeng Li, Hainan Lan* and Xin Zheng*
...r, to date, there are no descriptions of the cell behaviour of porcine GH in domestic animals. Thus, freshly isolated porcine hepatocytes were used as a somatic cell model to study the internalization and subcellular localization of porcine growth hormone (pGH), and the results showed that pGH could be internalized into porcine hepatocytes in a time-dependent manner. The results also showed that pGH could be translocated into cell nuclei in a time-dependent ma...
İbrahim Aytekin1,*, Ecevit Eyduran2, Koksal Karadas3, Rifat Akşahan4 and İsmail Keskin1
...cts of predictors and in description of breed standards, in the development of breeding strategies and especially in the detection of ideal fattening period for each breed under the condition.
...

Phong Huy Pham1 and Hoa Thi Dang2

...tion on nesting biology, description, and distributional notes are also provided.

...

Samina Ashraf1*, Ghulam Haider2 and Maimoona Ashraf

...hers have given textural description and a structural description of the experiences, and ultimately provide understanding of the common experience of the participants. Finally from the structural and textural description, the researchers wrote a composite description that to present the essence of the phenomena. 

...
Jun Chen1, Shuai Shang2, Xiaoyang Wu1, Jiakuo Yan1, Huaming Zhong1, Huanxin Zhang2, Weilai Sha1, Wanchao Zhu1 and Honghai Zhang1,*
...e, we provided the first description of the fecal bacterial populations of the cape oryx by using high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology. We analyzed 100,180 high-quality sequences of the 16S rRNA gene obtained from fecal samples from three cape oryx animals, one female and two males. At the 3% level in our research, we found 3959, 4553, and 3930 operational taxonomical units (OTUs). Additionally, the three samples have 754 OTUs in common, which compri...
Yakup Erdal Ertürk
...que was preferred in the description of the influential factors and their interaction effects for each gender. Some probable factors such as age, province, education level, experience, social security, lands, and the reason at performing animal production were recorded on breeders. Also, first fattening weight and fattening period of the beef cattle were recorded. It was determined that predictive models based upon MARS algorithm explained virtually all of var...
Sadaf Noveen1*, Shaista Habib Ullah2, Babar Alam3
Matiyar Rahaman Khan1,*, Sabayasachi Pal2, Amit Singh2, Ashok Dhananjaybhai Patel3, Bhagubhai Ambaram Patel3Tushar Manohar Ghule2 and Victor Phani1
...phological, morphometric descriptions and beta-esterase phenotyping. The present study elucidated information on M. indica for its easy detection, diagnosis, dimension of damages on citrus, and Bt-cotton under Indian conditions.
...
Zisha Liu1, Na Song1, Takashi Yanagimoto2, Zhiqiang Han3, Bonian Shui3 and Tianxiang Gao3,*
Adem Aksoy1, Yakup Erdal Ertürk2, Ecevit Eyduran3 and Mohammad Masood Tariq4,*
...ts to enterprises in the description of noticeable factors on FFW for further studies to be conducted under similar conditions.
...
Amtur Rafeh, Rana Manzoor Ahmad, Ayesha Iqbal, Abdul Majid Khan*
Saima Shahzad Mirza1,*, Hafiz Muhammad Qamer2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir3,*, Rana Shoaib Akram4
...aduate mothers their job descriptions may have considered as more related contributory factors for delayed weaning. The situation can be stabilized by resource alleviation and make them easy access for limited income families.
...

Kiran Aftab1,*,Muhammad Asim2, Muhammad Khalil Nawaz2, M. Adeeb Babar2, Muhammad Akbar Khan2 and Zaheer Ahmed3 

...b, Pakistan. The present description is about newly recovered specimens of small sized giraffids from Dhok Bun Amir Khatoon and Kund. These Middle Miocene localities are found within the Chinji Formation of the Lower Siwalik Subgroup in northern Pakistan. Our reports include isolated teeth, maxilla and mandible fragments of Giraffokeryx punjabiensis and Giraffa priscilla, which exhibit some primitive features for the Lower Siwalik giraffids. This...

 Muhammad Moosa Abro1, Ali Murtaza Dharejo2, Muhammad Munif Khan2, Nadir Ali Birmani2, Saima Naz2*

Description of first record of Petasiger exaeretus Dietz, 1909 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) in avian host from Pakistan.
Ashfaque Ahmed Nahiyoon1,*, Shahina Fayyaz2 and Nasira Kazi2
Sagir Hussain, Erum Iqbal* and Shahina Fayyaz
...erived from the original descriptions. An up to date list of valid species of Quinisulcius along with illustrations and diagnostic key is provided. Detailed surveys of cereals, fruits and vegetables were conducted from district Hunza, Nager, Gilgit and Ghizer of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan during 2014-2016 to determine the temperature dependent property of Quinisulcius capitatus. About 280 root and soil samples were taken from 47 locations and 28 ...
Erum Iqbal*, Nasir Mehmood, Nasira Kazi and Shahina Fayyaz
...erein with measurements, descriptions, illustrations and microphotographs along with brief description, measurements and microphotographs of the new record species.
...

Muhammad Usman* and Sajjad Ahmad 

... Pakistan. Morphological description is provided and elucidated with digital images. 

...

Abdur Rehman1*, Sajjad Ahmad1, Ahmed Zia2, Asad Ali3, Kiran Shahjeer4, Abdul Latif1 and Taimur Khan

...d to one genus. Detailed description of each species, valid scientific names, their habitat, ecological observation, collection date and distributional range for all recorded species are provided. 

...

I. Erum, K. Nasira, H. Sagir, S. Raza and Firoza, K.

Description of Discolaimus miniodontii n.sp. and Laevides hunderansis n. sp. with notes on Discolaimoides spatilabium (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from District Ghizer, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan

Kajol, A. H. Bhat, Aasha and A. K. Chaubey

Biochemical and molecular characterization of Photorhabdus akhurstii associated with Heterorhabditis indica from Meerut, India
...dentical to the original description; however, the size of the 3rd stages was longer than the topotype populations. Analysis of ITS-rDNA sequences showed 1 nucleotide base pair difference in aligned data with type description, however, no nucleotide base pair difference was seen in the D2D3 domain. The associated bacterial symbiont of the DH3 strain was identified as Photorhabdus akhurstii based on phenotypic, biochemical an...

H. Soofi†1 , N. A. Birmani1 , A. M. Dharejo1 , A. R. Abbasi2 , G. S. Ghachal1

Description of new nematode species Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) sindhicus of genus Rhabdochona (Railliet, 1916) from Indus River Pakistan

Atta Ur Rehman, Laiq Hassan, Nasir Ahmad, Kashif Ahmad, Shakirullah

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE AND HAMMING DISTANCE USED FOR IRIS RECOGNITION
... with detailed

description of some preprocessing steps. In preprocessing stage, Circular Hough Transform and Canny Edge
Detector are employed for iris segmentation, while for iris normalization and feature extraction, the Rubber Sheet
Model and one-dimensional (1-D) Log-Gabor Filter are used respectively. Finally for classification/matching of iris
patterns, Hamming Distance and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are app...

Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Saima Sadaf1, Adnan Ahmad1, Usman Rafique1 and Muhammad Arshad Javed1

An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness Level Regarding Integrated Farming System in District Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...d for final analysis and description of the results. The instrument’s validity and reliability were checked before data collection. In-person interviews were conducted by the researcher. The collected data were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Based on the results, it is concluded that majority of the farmers were not willing to adopt IFS due to their traditional perceptions. Those farmers have constraints such as little or no ...

Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Saima Sadaf1, Adnan Ahmad1, Usman Rafique1 and Muhammad Arshad Javed1

An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness Level Regarding Integrated Farming System in District Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...d for final analysis and description of the results. The instrument’s validity and reliability were checked before data collection. In-person interviews were conducted by the researcher. The collected data were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Based on the results, it is concluded that majority of the farmers were not willing to adopt IFS due to their traditional perceptions. Those farmers have constraints such as little or no ...

 Riaz Sayed1, Khizar Azam1, Waqar Shah1, Inayat Babar1, Hamidullah1, and Sahar Noor1

A REVIEW OF DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FATIGUE
...s of this study and description of the algorithm are provided. A comprehensive list of references is provided at the end.
...

Zafar Ahmad Handoo1*, Mihail Radu Kantor1 and Ekramullah Khan2

Description of Seven New Species and One New Record of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes (Nematoda: Tylenchida) Associated with Economically Important Crops of Kashmir Valley, Jammu and Kashmir (Part-1 of the series)
...line drawings along with description, characteristics, diagnosis and relationships of each new species with its closely related species are given.

...
Yawar Iqbal Erum*, Hussain Sagir, Kazi Nasira and Fayyaz Shahina
Compendium of the Genus Psilenchus de Man, 1921 (Tylenchida: Psilenchidae)
...erived from the original descriptions. An updated list of valid species of Psilenchus de Man, 1921 along with illustrations of the anterior and posterior regions taken either from the original descriptions or subsequent re-descriptions is also incorporated herein. A total of seven species have so far been reported from Pakistan.

...
Chaojie Yang1,2,3, Haishan Wang1,2,3, Le Ye1,2,3 and Zhi Chen1,2,3,*
...ation. The morphological descriptions and DNA barcoding study about Muraenesocidae in the East China Sea were old, rough and deficient. Morphometric measurements and meristic counts were taken for all collected Muraenesocidae samples in our present study. Teeth characters that are conclusive for the species were consistent with Muraenesox and were sufficient for separation from other Muraenesocidae species. The morphological results further suggested that only...
Yasin Altay1, Saim Boztepe2, Ecevit Eyduran3, İsmail Keskin2Mohammad Masood Tariq4*, Farhat Abbas Bukhari4 and Irshad Ali4
Małgorzata Dzierzęcka1, Sławomir Paśko2, Marcin Komosa3, Karolina Barszcz1, Bartłomiej Jan Bartyzel1 and Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska4*
...nd the ground. A precise description of the plantar margin and the inclination of the parietal surface of the bone may contribute to a better understanding of the biomechanics and strength of the hoof, in particular in horses with higher body weights. The study material included coffin bones of the thoracic limb, isolated post-mortem from 39 cold-blood horses. The study employed a scanner projecting a hybrid set of images, consisting of sinusoidal stripes prec...
Ammara Gull-e-Fareen1,2, Imran Bodlah1,*, Muhammad Adnan Bodlah3, Muhammad Tariq Rasheed1, Habib Ali4 and Muhammad Asif5
...nostic characters, brief description, morphometrics and illustrations are provided. Comparison of recorded species with type species has been provided. World distribution and distribution in Pakistan has been given using Arc GIS tools.
...

Salma Javed, Samreen Khan*, Nasira Kazi and Tabassum Ara Khanum 

...ters. In addition, brief description, measurement, line drawings, as well as photomicrographs for Pakistani population of these species are reported.

...

Zafar Ahmad Handoo1*, Mihail Radu Kantor1 and Ekramullah Khan2

...line drawings along with description, characteristics, and relationships of each new genus and species with its closely related genera and species are given.

...

Hajira Nur-ul-Islam1, Ahmed Zia2*, Khurshaid Khan1, Hirad Ali3 and Abdul Aziz3

...eum, Islamabad. Detailed description including synonyms, differential characters for the species, previous global records, habitat description, measurements of body parts and ecological data for the positive localities are provided. With the addition of this taxon, Anisoptera fauna of Pakistan now counts 74 species. The area carries important ecology and is less explored for odonate fauna. Although in recent past, few faunis...

Hassan Naveed1*, Kamran Sohail2, Gul Zamin Khan3 and Yalin Zhang2

... Part of Pakistan with redescription of habitus and male genitalia of Parallygus rameshi Viraktamath and Webb, 2012. A worldwide checklist with distribution for species of genus Parallygus Melichar is also provided.

...
Zahid Mahmood Sarwar1*, Ayub Iqbal Malik1, Maryam Suhail2, Shafqat Saeed3, Muhammad Umair Sial3, Waqar Jaleel4, Muhammad Nadir Naqqashand Qamar Saeed1
...tiative clue for further description, illustration and classification of unidentified species of the genus Spodoptera from Pakistan.
...
Imran Bodlah1*, Muhammad Tariq Rasheed1, Muhammad Farooq Nasir1, Tariq Mahmood2 and Muhammad Asif3
...nostic characters, brief description, morphometrics, distribution and illustrations are provided. Biology, trophic associations with 4 ant’s species namely, Camponotus parius, Camponotus compressus, Tapinoma melaocephalum, Lepisiota fraunfeldi have been discussed. Four natural enemies; two species of syrphid flies namely, Allobaccha apicalis (Loew, 1858), Allobaccha sapphirina (Wiedemann, 1830), two species of Coccinellid beetles, Coccinella septempuncta...
Zane Vincevica-Gaile1, Karina Stankevica1, Maris Klavins1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Damat Damat3*, Praptiningsih Gawawati Adinurani4, Lili Zalizar5, Muhammad Zul Mazwan6, Juris Burlakovs7
Didiek Hadjar Goenadi8,9, Rista Anggriani3 and Aamir Sohail10
 
 
...ase example, may serve a description of the peat-free product made by rotary drum granulation from biomass fly ashes (energy production waste) and local freshwater sediments in a mass ratio mixture of 67:100, optimally applicable for soil improvement at a rate of 50 g L–1. Besides, regional opportunities in Indonesia and Latvia are referred. It was concluded that peat-free soil amendment elaboration can be better implemented on a reg...

Najeeb Ullah1*, Adnan Ihsan1, Syed Fahad Shah1, Kamran Sohail1, Muhammad Sohail Khan1 and Said Hussain Shah2

...of region. Morphological descriptions and digital images are provided. 

...
Dalia Khatun1, Md. Yeamin Hossain1,2*, Md. Firose Hossain3, Zannatul Mawa1, Md. Ataur Rahman1, Md. Rabiul Hasan1, Md. Akhtarul Islam1, Md. Ashekur Rahman1, Habib Ul Hassan4 and Sadicun Nahar Sikha1
...rates the first complete description on population parameters of Corica soborna including sex ratio (SR), length-frequency distributions (LFDs), length-weight relationships (LWRs), length-length relationships (LLRs), condition factors (allometric, KA, Fulton’s, KF, relative, KR, and relative weight, WR), form factor (a3.0), size at fist sexual maturity (Lm) and natural mortality (MW) using multi-model indices from the Ganges River of northwestern Banglad...

Zulu Blantina Fangele, Tyasi Thobela Louis, Gunya Busisiwe* 

...led understanding of the description, advantages and limitations of using citric acid on indigenous chicken. Several studies have been conducted on the nutritional requirements of local chickens, but the results were inconclusive and contradictory. This review concludes that indigenous chickens play a significant role in improving livelihoods, and strategies to preserve and sustain them must be intensified. However, it has been well established that citric aci...
Adnan Ihsan*, Najeeb Ullah, Muhammad Usman, Syed Fahad Shah, Misbahullah, Riaz Hussain and Jawad Sarwar
... Pakistan. Morphological descriptions and digital images of the recorded species are provided.

...

Waqar Khan1, Muhammad Atif Khan1, Waseem Abbas1, Muhammad Shakeel1, Hammad Uddin2 and Bismillah Shah1*

...ion. Their morphological descriptions, an identification key, and photographs are given. Specimens of all examined materials are deposited at the department of Entomology, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.

...

Tabassum Ara Khanum, Nasir Mehmood* and Shahina Fayyaz

...given with measurements, descriptions, illustrations and photomicrophotographs along with brief description, measurements and microphotographs of Poikilolaimus oxycercus.

...

Syed Ishfaq Ali Shah1,3, Azaz Ahmad2 and Wanzhi Cai1,*

... is described, including descriptions of genitalia and detailed illustrations giving important diagnostic characters. Interestingly, this species has relatively similar body size and color patterns including the structure of male pygophore and parameres, however, differs from A. quinquespinosa in the structure of the phallus.

...

K. A. Tabassum,† J. Salma and H. Sagir

...This paper deals with re-description of S. affine based on comparative study of morphological and
molecular characteristics with brief study of S. cholashanense and S. feltiae. S. affine Pak. G.S.356 deposited in
NCBI with accession number MF150033; S. cholashanense Pak.G.S.350 and Pak. G.S.355 with accession
numbers MF125282 and MF0339642, respectively; S. feltiae Pak. G.S. 354, 357, 358 deposit...

K. A. Tabassum, F. Shahina†, K. Nasira and Y. I. Erum

...erived from the original descriptions. An identification key to 42 valid
species of both insectivora and dolichura group of the genus Oscheius is given.
...

Uzma Ishaque1, Nasira Kazi1, Erum Iqbal1* and Shahnaz Dawar2

...nd morphometric details, description illustrations, along with the photomicrographs are given.

...

I. Uzma, K. Nasira, K. Firoza and F. Shahina†

...erived from the original descriptions. An up to date list of 230 valid nominal species from world
along with available illustrations and 32 species from Pakistan with diagnostic key is provided.
...

Muhammad Ramzan1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah2, Shafia Saba2, Madiha Mobeen Khan3, Umair Faheem4, Asad-ur-Rehman3, Naeem Arshad Maan3 and Waseem Hassan5

...n. Therefore, the detail description is being presented here for futuristic references.

...

Muhammad Ali1*, Rukhsana Perveen2, Khalil Ahmed3, Ghulam Raza1, Muhammad Akbar1, Maisoor Ahmed Nafees3 and Muhammad Ayub4

...e genus Rodolia with the description of this species on the basis of important diagnostic characters including male and female genitalia. It is an important predator of scale insect pest, Icerya aegyptiaca (Douglas, 1890) which is dangerous insect pest upon different fruit trees including date palm, mango, mulberry and other important fruit trees in this region. This study also investigates the predatory role both adults and 4th instar larvae of this coccinell...

Adnan Ihsan1*, Najeeb Ullah1, Riaz Hussain2, Jawad Sarwar1, Kamran Sohail1 and Waqar Khan1

... Pakistan. Morphological description and digital images of the identified species and genus are given.

...

Amthal Ahmed Fouad1, Basem Mohamed Ahmed2, Momtaz Abdelhady Shahein1, Hussein Aly Hussein2* 

...report provided detailed description of this lineage genome and the last published whole genome dates back to 2009. In this context, a complete RABV genome (5EG-QH19) was obtained from a stray dog, analyzed, and compared to other RABV sequences to update the present knowledge. Methods: Rapid immune-chromatography and direct fluorescent antibody test (DFAT) were applied to detect RABV antigens in the brain of rabid dog. Relevant reads from the Ion S5 sequencing...

Al Salihi karima Akool1* , Almas. M. Al-Bayati2, Iman Mousa Khaleel3  

...ss examination, and full description were done and recorded. The samples were dissected and kept in a 10 % neutral buffered formalin. All samples were processed by histological technique and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin. This study showed that SC’s udder appeared with four quarters, covered by brown to solid black tint skin. Both conical and cylindrical shapes of teat were observed, which constituted 75%& 25% and 37.5% & 62.5% for SCPMG &a...

Michelle Anne Diano1,2, Loel Dalan1,2, Neil Pep Dave Sumaya3 and Nanette Hope Sumaya1,2*

...ae to existent worldwide descriptions, thereby extending its geographic distribution and habitat range.

...

Waheed Ali Panhwar1*, Mehtab Ali Mahar2 and Abdul Manan Shaikh3

...f Pakistan. Beside this, description of the species and distribution of species along with digital images are provided for the first time. Hopefully, present study will provide a firm basis for future researchers concerned with this group.

...

Tri Anggraeni Kusumastuti1, Ikuo Kobayashi2, Ahmad Juwari3, Lovin Dika Antari4*

...sis is used to support a description of the condition of internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats) of animal husbandry in two countries. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and quantitatively. Primary and secondary data were collected from July to September 2023. The results showed that economic losses due to FMD in cattle in Miyazaki Prefecture amounted to USD 775,184.77/farmer (beef cattle and dairy ...

Naveed Ahmed* and Amjad Usman

...htunkhwa Province. Brief description together with illustrations and distributional range of each of these Megachile species is also provided. A diagnostic key for identification of the female species of Genus Megachile Latreille 1802 for Pakistan is provided for ready reference.

...

Pakistan Journal of Zoology

April

Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 56, Iss. 2, pp. 503-1000

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