Nisar Ahmad1*, Inayatullah Jan2, Saif Ullah1 and Sidra Pervez1
...er the last few decades, credit needs of the farmers have increased rapidly. Credit is considered an important factor for raising the productivity and income of the farmers. The current study attempts to analyse the impact of credit on wheat productivity in district Jhang. Furthermore, study explores the purpose of farmers for acquiring loan and major sources of cr...
Opeyemi Eyitayo Ayinde1*, Kayode Ayinde2, Tofunmi Emmanuel Ilori1, Raphael Olanrewaju Babatunde1
E-mail | opeyemi@unilorin.edu.ng
...showed that agricultural credit guarantee scheme funds (ACGSF), agricultural policies during structural adjustment period (SAP) and post-structural adjustment period (PSAP) were statistically significant while the agricultural input subsidy scheme was statistically insignificant in their impact on the prices of major staple crops. The study recommended painstaking formulation and implementation of agricultural policies and re-structuring of...
Shahab e Saqib, Mokbul Morshed Ahmad, Sanaullah Panezai, Hidayatullah, Khalid Khan Khattak
...; access to agricultural credit market has been prioritized in agriculture finance policies of Pakistan. The main objectives of this study are to explore farmers’ access to different formal and informal credit sources, and to investigate their credit adequacy and the role of important socio-economic factors in access to credit. The data were collec...
Muhammad Aslam
...s, improved agricultural credit and support price policies. Recommendations include improving agricultural research and extension systems, accelerating diffusion and adoption of latest agriculture technologies and inputs, enhancing good quality seed production, improving irrigation water management and improving reclamation and drainage....
Nusrat Habib, Safeena Inam and Abdul Hayee Qureshi
...nt experience, access to credit, total cost of sunflower, access to price information of market, distance from input shop and more profit from competing crops indicating that the 1 percent increase in these parameters will decrease the probability to adopt sunflower. Whereas supporting parameters were highest educations level in the family, total operational holding, last year yield of sunflower, access to extension services and share of non-agricultural incom...
Naushad Khan1*, Shahnaz Akhtar1, Munir Khan1, Shaista Naz2, Javeria Tanveer1 and Muhammad Kaleem3
...mined the effect of ZTBL credit program on maize productivity in district Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For this, a sample of 226 farmers was selected by employing multi stage sampling technique. At first stage, all the three tehsils (i.e.; Mardan, Takht Bhai and Katlang) of the district were selected. At second stage, two villages from each tehsil were randomly selected. In third stage, all the beneficiaries of ZTBL credit
Neelum Andaleeb, Munir Khan and Syed Attaullah Shah
...ousehold head, access to credit, livestock income, tenural status and distance to city significantly affect women’s involvement in livestock farming. Based on these findings the study recommends that significance of women participation to livestock sector must be recognized in government planes and policies. The provision of credit and livestock training facilities to rural women could encourage their participation in ...
Naveed Muhammad, Syed Attaullah Shah*, Abbas Ullah Jan, Irfan Ullah, Muhammad Ibrahim and Salman Khan
...ion of short-term formal credit and subsidies on seed, chemical spray, fertilizers and other underutilized inputs/ capitals. ...
Umair Talib1*, Ijaz Ashraf1, Khalid Mahmood Chaudhary1, Riaz Ahmad2
... regarding their help in credit acquisition and dealing with them. Performance of private sector is very poor in provision of information about innovative technologies to farmers. Analysis of satisfaction of farmers with public and private sectors show that farmers are not completely satisfied with extension package of either sector. Therefore, the new strategy proposes changes in working order of both sectors in order to enhance the extension work in the Punj...
Akerele Dare*, Ashaolu Olumuyiwa Fowowe, Sanusi Rahman Akintayo and Egbetade Adedolapo
Shahab e Saqib1*, Himayatullah Khan2, Sanaullah Panezai3, Ubaid Ali4 and Mazhar Ali5
...In developing countries, credit fungibility is a crucial issue in agricultural credit market, and Pakistan is no exception. The aim of this study is to explore the credit fungibility and credit margin of investment among different farmers’ group in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The data were collected from 87 subsistence farmers in Mardan sub-district. Mult...
Inayatullah Jan*, Sajid Khan, Noor Paio Khan and Muhammad Ashfaq
...KBL) is one of the micro-credit organizations in Pakistan which are extending micro-credit services to small farmers with the aim to increase agricultural productivity and income of farmers. This study was conducted with the aim to assess the effects of micro-credit programme of KBL on agricultural productivity in district Mardan in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. The study was co...
Muhammad Tariq1*, Muhammad Khawar Hussain1, Zilakat Khan Malik2 and Noor Jehan1
... experience and obtained credit were having 82%, 83%, 83%, 87% and 84% technical efficiency respectively. The study results suggested that’ education, training and credit availability can play a significant role in increasing the output efficiency of strawberry farmers in the study area. ...
Muhammad Luqman1,3, Raheel Saqib2*, Xu Shiwei3 and Yu Wen3
...information services and credit facilities. This is due to the existing social, cultural and religious norms in the society of Pakistan. The results of the t-test statistics showed that there is highly significant difference in opinion of male family heads and their spouses (female respondents) regarding barriers to gender equality in agricultural extension in Pakistan ...
Michael Almeida
...div>Nelson Pike is often credited with offering the most compelling formulation of an ancient argument against human freedom.1 According to Pike, God’s foreknowledge that we will perform some action is inconsistent with our freedom to do otherwise. If freedom requires the freedom to do otherwise, then God’s foreknowledge undermines our freedom. Divine foreknowledge that we will perform some action makes alternative actions unavailable to...
Shahid Iqbal1*, Amir Nawaz Khan2, Mushtaq Ahmad Jadoon3 and Intikhab Alam3
...th introduction of micro credit schemes. ...
Naheed Zahra*, Muhammad Zubair Anwar*, Sonila Hassan** and Irfan Mehmood**
INSTITUTIONAL CREDIT ARRANGEMENT AND THEIR IMPLICATION ON AGRICULTURAL INCOME IN THE SELECTED VILLAGES OF RAWALPINDI DISTRICT
... impact of institutional credit on the agricultural income of the sample farmers. The study was based on the primary data collected from 150 farmers through purposive random sampling. Regression analysis was done to obtain the results. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method was applied to generate the results. Results of this study revealed that there exists a positive and statistically significant relationship between institutional credit...
Raza Ullah*, Mariam Rehman*, Maria Anjum*, Muhammad Asif
Kamran**, Khuda Bakhsh***, Abdul Saboor****
NAVIGATING FARMING RISKS BY SIMULTANEOUS DIVERSIFICATION AND CREDIT THROUGH FORMAL AND INFORMAL COMMUNICATION CHANNEL
...ication and agricultural credit for risk management are correlated and adopting one risk management tool may make it more likely to adopt the other tool at the same time. Moreover, access to formal sources of information significantly encourages the use of both of the risk management tools to manage farm risk. Based on the information from the bivariate and multinomial probit approaches the agricultural extension educators can also improve their programs to gu...
Khalid Khan*1, Muhammad Abdul Kamal2, Saubia Ramazan3, Gulawar Khan4, Gulzar Ali5 and Sheharyar Ahmed6
...e impact of agricultural credit on livestock income in district Lasbela, Balochistan. For assessment, we have used primary and secondary data to test the relationship between agricultural credit and livestock income. The results of the study indicate that agricultural credit help to develop livestock sector and enhance livestock income of the farmers by 65%. Furthermore, the elasticity o...
Urooba Pervaiz1, Abdus Salam1, Dawood Jan2, Ayesha Khan1 and Mahmood Iqbal1
...ld storage, agricultural credit and certified vegetable seeds, lack of fertilizers and technical knowledge, pest and diseases incidence, improper marketing of produce in the study area. ...
Dilshad Ahmad1*, Muhammad Irfan Chani1 and Muhammad Afzal2
... and agricultural formal credit, cropped area, labor force participating in the agriculture sector, trade openness has been quantified through various econometric approaches in the study. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bound testing approach has been applied to analyze the long run cointegration among variables, obtaining annual time series data from 1973 to 2014. An empirical estimation of ARDL approach has indicated the evidence of long-run cointegrat...
Raphael Olanrewaju Babatunde, Adeyemi Esther Omoniwa and Miriam Ukemenam
...dren to school. More so, credits should be made more accessible to farming households. This might help in the establishment of mechanized farm system thus reducing the need for manual labour and improving the children’s opportunities of schooling. ...
Sajad Ali1*, Syed Asghar Ali Shah2, Jaffar Ali3, Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal4, Arshadullah Jadoon5 and Farmanullah6
...m merchants and Beoparis credited the output of peas from the farmers directly from the local market that is Mansehra and Haripur. It is worthwhile to mention that the public sale arrangement was not totally available in the local markets. Furthermore, the 68 percent in district Mansehra while, in the Haripur 46 percent farmers traded the pea’s output in the local markets. The left over peas output in both the selected districts were offered for sale in ...
Shaista Naz1*, Noor Paio Khan1, Naveed Afsar2 and Ashfaq Ahmad Shah3
...services and feed items, credit need for feed and livestock purchase, and training in animal health care were the major reported constraints in livestock management. Provision of credit, training in animal health care, and increasing women’s livestock possession are suggested not only for the increased participation of women in livestock management but also for the development of domesticated livestock enterprise in th...
Aneel Salman1, Muhammad Iftikhar ul Husnain1, Inayatullah Jan2*, Muhammad Ashfaq2, Mudassar Rashid1 and Usman Shakoor1
...on are limited access to credit, lack of access to information, and institutional support. As expected, no significant variations were found across districts in the characteristics of respondents (age and income) that can affect their perceptions, their adaptation strategies, and obstacles faced in adaptation. The results of the study need to be interpreted with caution, as we did not focus on other determinants like education, role of media, and government po...
Neelum Andaleeb1*, Munir Khan1, Syed Attaullah Shah1 and Rahmat Ullah2
..., access to agricultural credit had positive significant effects on household’s probability to be in the upper income category. Based on the findings, study recommends that the significance of women participation for growth in livestock industry should be recognized in government plans and policies. Non-government organization, working for rural development, should be involved in provision of credit and livestock train...
Aisha Siddiqua1*, Munir Ahmad1 and Nusrat Habib2
...ty, farm size, access to credit and sources of information on climate change are significant drivers of adaptation to climate change. ...
Syed Amjad Kamal Jan* and Naushad Khan
...observed such as lack of credit facilities; Lack of agriculture education and awareness programs; Expensive Agriculture Inputs; Tenancy and Land rent problems; Farm to market roads and small plots hurdles in production of rice etc in the study area. On the basis of problems and constraints, policy recommendation for control measures are given as:- Credit should be provided without interest rate in time according to requireme...
Dilshad Ahmad1* and Muhammad Afzal2
...ers, educational status, credit access and agriculture extension services access have significantly and positively impacted while the shortage of irrigation negatively impacts in both districts Non-Bt and Bt cotton farmers technical efficiency. There is need of proper policy measure for overcome market imperfections regarding prices of cotton output and inputs and provision of adequate formal credit to use advance mechanizat...
Dilshad Ahmad1* and Muhammad Afzal2
... has focused the role of credit in the cotton production of southern Punjab. Simple Random Sampling technique was used in the study for selecting the respondents in both districts of cotton area. Pre-tested questionnaire was developed for the collection of data 320 cotton farmers’ respondents for the year of 2015-16 including 160-credit user and 160 non-credit users. The study employ...
Essossinam Ali*
...e amount of agricultural credit would increase fertilizer and DTS use. The study concludes that any implementation of new policies to address climatic risks and food insecurity in the study areas should take into account farm households’ attitudes towards risks. Farmers are encouraged for regular visit to extension services whlie policymakers should give special attention to factors such as credit facilities and market...
Mehran Ahmad, Syed Attaullah Shah and Shahid Ali*
...interest free production credit to poor farmers for purchase of chemical fertilizers for optimal utilization of these inputs....
Umar Hayat1*, Tariq Shah1, Muhammad Suleman Bacha2 and Muhammad3
...al growth, institutional credit, agro-based industries, Livestock and mechanised inputs are taken from State Bank of Pakistan, World Development Indicators Databases and various issues of Economic Survey of Pakistan for the period 1980-2018. Ordinary least square technique is used to estimate the model. The result shows that Institutional credit is playing a significant role in achieving agricultural growth in the country. T...
Sanaullah and Urooba Pervaiz*
...growers, availability of credit/loan facilities, provision of subsidized inputs and irrigation water in the study area. ...
Aftab Khan1, Shahid Ali1, Murtaza1, Sufyan Ullah Khan2 and Syed Attaullah Shah1
... lack of availability of credit to them to use the appropriate and recommended dose of these inputs. Allocative efficiencies of tractor hours, FYM and labour were 1.16, 1.02 and 0.97, respectively, suggesting that these inputs were efficiently utilized. Facilitation of maize growers with subsidized and timely availability of inputs, provision of agriculture credit with reasonable interest rate and easy instalments and field ...
Muhammad Bakhtiar Khan1 and Jangraiz Khan2*
...er income. Additionally, credit facilities to the farmers would help potential progressive growers to adopt tunnel-farming and grow off-season vegetables, thus getting higher yield per acre. ...
Saba1, Shahnaz Akhtar1, Waqar Khalid2* and Saifullah Khan3
...provision of agriculture credit facilities and livestock training facilities to women farmers could stimulate their involvement in livestock practices and anticipates the decision-making power in livestock management practices. ...
Amit Sharma1* and Pankaj Sood2
...tors should be given due credit for achieving better post-thaw post thaw quality of semen to be utilized in different advanced reproductive techniques. ...
Bahadar Sher Khattak1, Muhammad Kaleem1, Waqas2*, Humaira Naz1 and Muhammad Yasir3
...entions of CMP was micro-credit facilities to small farmers. The current research study focused on the core objective of the CMP aimed at finding out the effect of micro-credit intervention on small farmers and how their socioeconomic status improved during the span of the project. The project was introduced to the two Union Councils (UCs), the Rajjar-II and Sarki Tetara, of District Charsadda. These two UCs were purposively...
Aftab Khan1, Shahid Ali1*, Asim Khan1, Muhammad Waqas1 and Sufyan Ullah Khan2
...ricultural trainings and credit on easy terms for purchase of costly inputs. ...
Umar Hayat1, Khalid Khan2, Saima Liaqat3 and Guo Xiangyu4*
...uo; training, input, and credit accessibility to enhance spur rice productivity. ...
Mubashir Mehdi1*, Muhammad Bilal Ahsan1, Burhan Ahmad1, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai2, Gulnaaz Hameed3 and Muhammad Asif4
Muhammad Raheel Faiz1, Ijaz Ashraf1, Haq Nawaz2, Muhammad Zubair3*, Muhammad Sajid Mahmood4, Sajid Hussain5 and Abdul Qadeer2
...ment should launch small credit schemes and should provide better marketing facilities to the farmers to ensure the sustainable production of vegetables in this area. ...
Muhammad Naveed Anjum1, Abdur Rehman1*, Muhammad Niamatullah Khan1, Raheel Saqib2, Mohammad Fayaz3 and Iqbal Javed4
Impact of Microfinance on Socioeconomic Status of Farmers in District Dera Ismail Khan
...es increases due to microcredit’s facility and due to increase in income, the farmers are able to get more access to the health facilities than before. 82.2% farmer’s response indicated that the microfinance have a positive and significant impact on the children’s educational status and due to microfinance their children were moved from government to private schools. Moreover, the parents whose children were not getting their education from t...
Olugbenga Omotayo Alabi1*, Ayoola Olugbenga Oladele2 and Ibrahim Maharazu3
Profitability Analysis and Marketing Efficiency of Soyabean (Glycine max) Value Chain among Actors in Abuja, Nigeria
...torage problems, lack of credit facilities, and bad road infrastructures. The retained components observed explained 93.24% of the variations in the component retained in the principal component model. The study recommends that marketers should develop new marketing strategies that will increase their profit margin. The sales price instability as a result of poor marketing arrangement could be addressed if processing firms were linked to soyabeans marketers an...
Dilshad Ahmad1* and Muhammad Afzal2
An Empirical Analysis of Economic Efficiency and Farm Size of Cotton Farmers
... schooling years, formal credit access, own tubewell availability, adequate extension access and sowing cotton crop timely were significant socioeconomic factors that affect farmers efficiency level. Medium farm size cotton farmers were producing higher cotton yield and earning higher per acre gross profit (Rs. 18142.28) relatively to small (Rs. 15232.94) and large (Rs. 8231.349) farm size cotton farmers. There is a need for significant prolong state-based pol...
Sajad Ali1*, Naeem Ur Rehman Khatak1, Iftikhar Ahmad2, Jangraiz Khan3 and Azra4
Impact of Socioeconomic Factors and farm Size on Wheat Productivity: A Case Study of District Peshawar, Pakistan
...s to inputs, agriculture credit and extension services left them technically inefficient. In addition, it is suggested that government and private sector should initiate programs to educate and train the farmers in order to bring advance techniques or improve theirconventional agriculture practices to increase wheat productivity....
Sanaullah1*, Abdul Basit2 and Inayat Ullah3
Challenges and Prospects of Farm Mechanization in Pakistan: A Case Study of Rural Farmers in District Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
...isits (0.009), access to credit (0.002) and access to agricultural machines (0.006) on farm mechanization adoption. The study emphasized that government may make agricultural mechanization and farming resources available and reachable to the farmers in order to persuade farmers in using them to maximize production, arrange awareness trainings and subsidize costly agricultural inputs....
Luka Anthony*, Olugbenga Omotayo Alabi, Elizabeth Samuel Ebukiba and Vandi Gamba
...l (P<0.10), access to credit facilities (P<0.05), extension services (P<0.01), price information (P<0.05), market information (P<0.01) and, marketing experience ((P<0.05). The value of Gini- Coefficient calculated was 0.91429. The observed inequality in income distribution among small-holder rural rice farmers was a reflection of inefficiency in the market structure for rice. The results of Double-Log Regression model revealed that quantity o...
Sana* and Abbas Ullah Jan
... of interest-free formal credit for the adoption of modern technologies could reduce demand for labour.
...
Ahmad Abrar Khan* and Muhammad Idrees
...ds.Access to micro-level credit by introducing in farm techniques of intercropping, proper division and allocation of lands suitable to stone fruits, vegetables, grain crops, and other cash crops and relaxation in criteria for the government’s establishment orchard and non-government agriculture departments/agencies.
...
Tariq Ali Mastoi1, Zulfiqar Ali Mastoi2*, Zahoor Ahmed Khetran3, Ghulam Hussain Alizai2, Binish Baig4, Mitha Khan2 and Syed Jahangir Shah1
...72% respondents obtained credits upto Rs. 40,001-50,000 and others 33.92% secured loan up to Rs.50,001-80,000. It was reported that 51.25 % respondents considered that procedures of the credit are more complicated and difficult to be followed. However, 63.75 % revealed that Passbook is one of the obstacles in getting loan. On the basis of findings, it is suggested that inquire about perceptions of the borrowers in obtaining ...
Naveed Wahid Awan1, Asif Ali Abro2* and Ahmed Raza ul Mustafa3
...e-wells and provision of credit to farmers impact positively in the production of major crops and land revenue in Pakistan....
Summara Abbasi* and Khalid Nawab
...ension services, gender, credit access, farm size, farming experience, and crossbreeds’ availability had a positive association with dairy technology adoption, while age and market distance had a negative association. According to the study results, it is concluded that the adoption of technology depends on their socio-economic conditions. Hence, it is suggested that the administration should encourage a deliberate strategy in building farmers’ awa...
Mehnaz Safdar1, Urooba Pervaiz1* and Dawood Jan2
...ty to open bank account, credit facilities and agriculture inputs and extension services....
Theophilus Miebi Gbigbi* and Rodney Akpoviri Isiorhovoja
...rmers. We recommend that credit facilities and specific training opportunities on resource use be extended to farmers to enhance their exotic chicken production efficiency....
Dilshad Ahmad1*, Muhammad Afzal2 and Asif Ali Abro3
...yze the impact of formal credit on milk production of dairy animals and household income in district Vehari of southern Punjab, Pakistan. The study used simple random sampling approach for collecting primary data of 240 livestock household farmers and employed regression analysis model to estimate credit impact on household income and livestock production. An economic technique of log-linear regression model was applied to i...
Azra*, Muhammad Awais, Alam Khan and Muhammad Shoaib
...ables including domestic credit, national savings, lagged investment (IV), imports, and the real exchange rate were found to be the major factors affecting investment in Pakistan. Among all, the savings coefficient is positive and insignificant because of savings in Pakistan had no healthy pattern. Exchange rate has adversely affected the investment because of unidirectional causality. Specification and analytical tests supported reliability of the investment ...
Sajad Ali1*, Naeem Ur Rehman Khatak1, Shahab E. Saqib2 and Saleem ur Rehman1
... to agricultural inputs, credits, and extension services. Furthermore, the study suggests, policies that should provide tenants with improved access to land and secure tenure be implemented....
Khalid Khan1*, Ahmed Farhan Saeed2, Sanam Wagma Khattak3 and Saima Liaqat4
...raining, availability of credit and information, managerial skills, low income, and market accessibility are the key impediments to the adoption of advanced technologies and standard practices in the poultry business in the district. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy to mention that once the farmer applies improved practices and technologies, then these factors may no longer be crucial to the farmer’s decision of adaptability of improved poultry practice an...
Ejaz Ul Haq, Urooba Pervaiz*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan and Ayesha Khan
...ve marketing and lack of credit facility. The study recommends that farmers should be encouraged and facilitated to adopt tunnel farming technology as it is the best method to grow off-season vegetables and for yields, both the field staff of extension department and farmers must be provided training for development of tunnels and package of production timely. Government should facilitate to establish agriculture insurance and provide subsidy to farmers (in en...
Eye Color Frequency and IrisPlex Validation in Pakhtun Population Living in Shangla Valley, Pakistan
Murad Ali Rahat1*, Muhammad Israr2, Hakim Khan1, Ishtiaq Hassan1, Mohammad Islam1 and Muzafar Shah3
...mediate application in accredited forensic laboratories, predicting blue and brown human eye color from DNA samples, hence, may be a useful tool in forensic investigation....
Shaista Naz1*, Muhammad Arif2 and Akhtar Ali3
...nsion contact, access to credit, age of the respondent, and farm income were the positive and significant ones. Concluding, the literature shows the considerable evidence of women’s participation in livestock management but the determinants were not fully explored in the developing countries. Moreover, the time allocation studies (quantification) on the subject matter were found scarce. It is therefore recommended that more empirical research should be c...
Shakirat Bolatito Ibrahim1, Raheem Olatunji Aminu1,2*, Aisha Olushola Arowolo1 and Adams Sanusi Musa1
...ension visits, access to credit, remittances, and land ownership significantly influenced household dietary diversity status. In the logit model, age, household size, land ownership, cooperative society, extension visits, credit availability, land rights, and distance to medical centres are significantly correlated with food insecurity. Thus, policy strategies aimed at improving households’ access to functional healthc...
Lawrence Olusola Oparinde1*, Adewale Isaac Olutumise2,3 and Ademola Adegoroye4
...ers, while education and credit constraints had the highest contributions among their female counterparts. Therefore, policy measures targeted at promoting the acceptance of agroforestry technology, especially among female crop farmers, should be applied....
Karl Maramorosch
... Kaoru Koshimizu, but no credit was given to his crucial role. The simultaneous announcement of the detection of phytoplasmas in a leafhopper vector by Japanese entomologists was not mentioned by Tokyo plant pathologists. Attempts to culture the fastidious phytoplasmas failed, while spiroplasmas have been cultured and properly characterized and classified. Several careers were made by phytoplasma and spiroplasma researchers, but some were destroyed by er...
