Christopher U Orji1*, Ignatius O Onyeocha2, Steven S Shaida3, Peter M Dede4, Bitrus Yakubu5, Elijah E Ella6 and Pam D Luka5
...tems, evolutionary rate, adaptation of the species, gene flow, epidemiology and control strategies. Our study observed that the two laboratory grown species of tsetse flies may be genetically related....
Yang Wang1, Zhide Cheng2, Mengjie Tang3, Haixia Zhou1, Xiaolu Yuan4,Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf5, Shuting Mao1 and Jing Wang1,*
... oxygen and enhances the adaptation to the hypoxic environments.
... 
Usman Shakoor1*, Mudassar Rashid1, Abdul Saboor2, Nabila Khurshid1, Zuhair Husnain2 and Abdul Rehman2
...cenario demands devising adaptation strategies for farmers to be made available, this should be the key policy intervention of the government to cater with the climate change on agriculture and particularly on maize. Fertilizer management and crop variety choices according to the changing climate will address this serious concern expected in the future....
Physiological Responses to Fasting and Refeeding in Apodemus chevrieri from Hengduan Mountain Region
Hai-Ji Zhang1, Di Zhang2, Dong-Min Hou1 and Wan-Long Zhu1,*
... justify;">Physiological adaptations of mammals were the major strategies in response to the changing food resources. In order to investigate the physiological responses to fasting and refeeding in Apodemus chevrieri, body mass and body fat mass, resting metabolic rate (RMR), organs morphology, serum leptin levels and food intake were measured in the present study. The results showed that food deprivation decreased body mass and body fat mass. After ref...
Shuangye Wang1, Yunlin Zhao1, Zhenggang Xu1,2,*, Li Li3, Liang Wu1, Choucang Duan1 and Jiao Peng1
...justify;">To explore the adaptation of introduced Milu(Elaphurus davidianus), also known as Père David’s Deer, to their new environment, this study was designed to track and observe 16 Milu, which were released in the Dongting Lake wetland area from Jiangsu, from April 4 to May 12, 2016, using instantaneous scanning and recorded 486 observations. Nineteen types of behaviour were observed which were classified into nine categories: resting, ...
Qudsia Khalid, Safdar Hussain Shah*, Faiza Zaeem and Saad Hussain Shah
...Cl) to asses some of the adaptation mechanism(s). Adapted calli line was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (2 mg/l) and kinetin (0.25 mg/l). For regeneration MS medium with 1.0mg/l NAA and BAP + 30g/l D-Sorbitol was used. LiCl adapted line showed significantly higher indices of tolerance than unadapted line at 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM NaCl stress. Adaptation resulted in enhanced accumulation of saturated fatty ac...
Anan Kenthaoand Pornpimol Jearranaiprepame*
...ditions in morphological adaptation, providing useful information for the sustainable conservation of this fish.
...
Muhammad Jamal Nasir*, Anwar Saeed Khan and Said Alam
...climate change. The only adaptation strategy opted by farmers in the study area is change in crop calendar. ...
Aqsa Waqar1, Sahir Hameed Khattak2, Sania Begum2*, Tayyaba Rehman1, Rabia1, Armghan Shehzad2, Wajya Ajmal2, Syeda Shahdana Zia2, Iqra Siddiqi2 and Ghulam Muhammad Ali2*
...esh strains have greater adaptation to higher temperatures and countries closer to the equator. Crop damages can reach 50 - 100%, due to infected plants and shriveled grain. These problems can be overcome by knowledge about the disease, identifying resistance lines and subsequently develop resistant varieties with an aim to shorten the disease cycle. One of the quickest ways in this direction is the designing molecular markers for non-race-specific resistance ...
Zheng Quan Jiang1,2, Feng Shan Li3, Jiang Hong Ran1,*, Chen Hao Zhao1, Man Zhang1 and Hua Li4
...e history, evolution and adaptation of birds. A survey was conducted on nest size and the underlying regulatory factors of Black-necked Cranes from 25 March to 31 July in 2013 and 2014 at Ruoergai Internationally Important Wetland and its surrounding area, covering 83 nests. Four types of nests were found in the area, i.e., natural island nest, grass mound nest, dirt mound nest and floating grass nest. The nest length, nest width, nest height and nest v...
Wei Dang1, Ning Xu1, Wen Zhang1, Jing Gao2, Handong Fan1 and Hongliang Lu 1,*
...ological and biochemical adaptations. Heat shock proteins and other molecular chaperones play specific physiological roles in such thermal adaptation. Here, we analyzed heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression in six lizard species to investigate the variation in Hsp70 response contributing to thermal adaptation. At first, we collected three lizard species of the genus Takydromus fr...
Muhammad Suleman Bacha1*, Mohammad Nafees1 and Syed Adnan2
...e vulnerabilities, their adaptation measures and relationship with the changing climatic records in the district Swat (Pakistan). The data collected through household interviews and focus group discussions. Total 177 questionnaires administered to sample households and 9 FGDs (Focus Group Discussions) in selected villages with the aim to understand local perceptions about changing climate, its vulnerabilities and farmers adaptive measures toward climate change...
Nadia Mubarik1, Aqib Iqbal1*, Iqbal Munir1 and Muhammad Arif2
...elations and biochemical adaptation, resulting in improvement in the performance of plants under water deficit conditions. These results also demonstrated that senescence, which is a type of cell death program that could be inappropriately activated during drought, was also delayed in the supplemented seedlings as highlighted by a high RWC and expression of the Lhcb2 gene. ...
Abdul Wajid1,*, Asma Basharat2, Muhammad Akbar Shahid3, Sidra Tul Muntaha1, Abdul Basit4, Tanveer Hussain5, Muhammad Farooq Tahir6, Muhammad Azhar7, Masroor Ellahi Babar1 and Shafqat Fatima Rehmani2
...disease outbreak and the adaptation of vaccine strategies. In spite of appropriate administration of vaccination, FAdV outbreaks have been reported and caused significant losses in poultry flocks throughout Pakistan in recent years. To identify the serotype and gain a better understanding of the genetic properties of the FAdV strains responsible for recent outbreaks, the sequence analysis of hexon gene of 10 isolates associated with IBH and HPS was determined....
Ghulam Abbas1, Khalid Pervez Akhtar1, Muhammad Ahsan2, Muhammad Jawad Asghar1, Fiaz Ahmad1 and Muhammad Rizwan3*
...ronomic characteristics, adaptation, and stability in various regions or can be used as a resistant source in further breeding programs ...
Asif Nawaz* and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...te change and evaluating adaptation options. Highly significant difference at 1% level of probability between the possessed and required level of these competencies revealed that Field Assistants required trainings in these climate change competencies. Therefore, it is suggested that immediate in-service training should be provided to them in the identified competencies and also it might be included in the curriculum of the Field Assistants diploma course.&nbs...
Aneel Salman1, Muhammad Iftikhar ul Husnain1, Inayatullah Jan2*, Muhammad Ashfaq2, Mudassar Rashid1 and Usman Shakoor1
... climate change, current adaptation measures, and decision-making process is important for farmers’ successful adaptation strategies. Using data of 205 conventional farmers from three district of Punjab province, this study provides insights into farmers’ perceptions about climate change, on-going adaptation practices, and constraints to various adaption strategies. We found th...
Liaqat Ali Shahid1*, Nadeem Amjad2 and Muhammad Abdul Hanan Siddhu3
Aisha Siddiqua1*, Munir Ahmad1 and Nusrat Habib2
...ses the effectiveness of adaptation in enhancing the wheat yield in Pakistan, and incentives that promote adaptation to climate change. We perform a counterfactual analysis and Multinomial Endogenous Switching (MES) regression model to analyze and compare the impact of different adaptation strategies in isolation or in combination on yield. The primary data of ‘Climate Change Impact ...
Sonia1, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai1*, Noor Paio Khan2, Abbas Ullah Jan1 and Gulnaz Hameed3
...olicy for climate change adaptation strategies and provide heat resistant wheat crop varieties to the farming community. ...
Iqra Bano1,*, Moolchand Malhi2, Pershotam Khatri3, Saeed Ahmed Soomro2, Hira Sajjad4, Ambreen Leghari5, Muhammad Awais2, Safia Kandhro6 and Shakeel Ahmed Lakho5 and Munaza Soomro7
...weight. After 15 days of adaptation period, they were divided into two groups viz. control (C) and selenium yeast supplemented (SY) (n=6), respectively. Basal diet given to the animals consist of roughage and concentrate at the ratio of 65:35. In group C, the goats received only basal diet while in group SY the goats consumed basal diet along with SY 0.3 mg/kg.BW for 8 weeks. The results revealed that testicular weight, thickness, and circumference incr...
Arjumand Nizami1, Jawad Ali1 and Muhammad Zulfiqar2*
... under overall domain of adaptation to climate change. Understanding occurrence and impacts of hydro-meteorological disasters on people’s well-being and which livelihood assets are significant for identifying coping strategies to deal with disasters are important ingredients to increased resilience of communities living in disaster prone areas. This study relies on the data collected using the Community-based Risk Screening Tool –
Farhana Gul1*, Dawood Jan1 and Muhammad Ashfaq2
...o extreme events and low adaptation potential, is highly vulnerable to climate change. Benefits of adaptation strategies and associated impact on net farm returns, per capita income and poverty rates of wheat producers using extensive farm survey data from 150 farmers from different climatic zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan were measured in this study. TOA-MD model was used to measure the impact of climate change
Asad Sultan1, Rabia Ali1, Rifat Ullah Khan2,*, Sarzamin Khan1, Naila Chand1 and Ambrina Tariq3
...2 days (including 4 days adaptation period). Standard lab protocols were adapted to measure proximate analysis, minerals and phytate content in grain and fecal samples. Sorghum cultivars were different in nutrient profile with red higher in protein content (11.41%). It was observed that phytase inclusion in grain increased the availability of all nutrients except crude lipids. Total tract nitrogen retention was increased by 3% in red sorghum compared to white....
Aziz Ur Rahman* and Syed Mehar Ali Shah
...-30 and AUP-29 displayed adaptation to specific environments of Peshawar, Swat, Mansehra and Charsadda, respectively. ...
Zhengfei Wang*, Dan Tang, Xuejia Shi, Huayun Guo, Xiuping Chen, Daizheng Zhang and Boping Tang*
...he genetic basis for the adaptation of hydrothermal vents crabs to the harsh environment remains poorly explored.The objectives of this study were to increase our understanding of the mechanisms of hypoxia adaptability in vent crabs and to confirm if there is a correlation between mitochondrial protein coding genes (PCGs) and adaptation to the extreme hydrothermal vent environment.Thirteen PCGs from mitochondrial genomes of ...
Shumaila Sadiq1,2*, Abdul Saboor2, Fouzia Jamshaid3, Abdul Qayyum Mohsin2 and Azeem Khalid2
...one specific sustainable adaptation strategies particularly to improve farmers’ food security, economic situation and education in Pakistan. ...
Rizwan Ahmad and Muhammad Zulfiqar*
...s’ perceptions and adaptation about change in climate and impact of change in climate on wheat productivity in Lakki Marwat. A combination of multi-stage sampling and simple random sampling used to select five Union Councils (UCs), one village council from each UC and one village from each village council. Out of 611 households (HHs), 180 head/elders selected through random sampling process were interviewed. The secondary data, spread over 30 years from ...
Muhammad Ilyas* and Fida Mohammad
...romising line with wider adaptation. Conversely, RIL24 had higher grain yield in E1 (2800 kg ha-1); RIL1 in E4 (2884 kg ha-1); RIL58 in E5 (2370 kg ha-1); RIL7 in E6 (3200 kg ha-1) and RIL53 in E8 (2339 kg ha-1) suggesting their specific adaptability to respective environments. Grain yield was significantly correlated with days to heading, grain growth rate and grains spike-1. Keeping in view the significance of GE interaction, it would be worthwhile to carryo...
Zahra Eftekhar1, Morteza Naderi2,*, Mohammad Kaboli3, Hamid R. Rezaei4 and Nematollah Khorasani3
...erns of arboreal species adaptation to the glacial oscillations. Ancient Hyrcanian forests, as one of the old-growth relicts of the temperate deciduous forests, have been recently documented as an important refugium during the last glacial maximum (LGM). More investigations based on skull and mandible morphological assessments revealed considerable intraspecific evolutionary divergence among the local populations settled in the Hyrcanian forests of northern Ir...
Asma Hassan*, Zuhair Hasnain, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz, Muhmmad Ansar, Muhmmad Rasheed, Ajaz Ahmad, Lubna Ayub Durani and Muhmmad Bilal Ali
...ly, study documented the adaptation of MT with GW and legumes bases cropping system could batter option to improve fertility status in soil of Pothwar Pakistan. ...
Rahat Naz*, Mussawar Shah, Asad Ullah, Intikhab Alam and Younas Khan
...y. Taking climate change adaptation measure’s to minimize the impacts on agriculture and economy as well as policy formulation and implementation to cut short the emission of greenhouse gases were major recommendations. ...
Huanxin Zhang1,2, Hongshuo Tang3, Jun Chen1, Yu Zang1,2, Xuexi Tang1,2,* and Ying Wang1,2,*
... from ancient functional adaptation in the carnivores.
...
Nurlybay Kazhgaliyev1*, Talgat Kulmagambetov2, Dulat Ibrayev1, Saule Bostanova1 and Zhanat Titanov1
...significantly impact the adaptation traits among different animal species.We describe here the rationale and economics of adaptation of Aberdeen Angus and Hereford beef-producing animals brought from Canada and the Netherlands to Northern Kazakhstan. In order to investigate common zootechnic methods, daughters of imported Aberdeen Angus and Hereford cows were grouped at the age of 18-19 months with a live weight of no less t...
Elmas Ulutaş1,*, Abdullah Eryavuz2, Aziz Bülbül2, Abdur Rahman3,*, İsmail Küçükkurt4 and Cangir Uyarlar5
...started after 15 days of adaptation period and lasted for 30 days. On days 15 and 30 of the study body weight of the animals was recorded, blood and rumen samples were collected. There were no differences in body weight with different levels of Zn supplementation. Red blood cells (RBC) and haemoglobin levels increased (p<0.05) as compared to control group on the 30th day with Zn supplementation. High Zn supplementation increased (p<0.05) plasm...
Mudassar Rashid1, Zuhair Husnain2, Usman Shakoor1* and Muhammad Iftikhar ul Husnain1
...rategies focusing on the adaptation of climate resistant cultivars. ...
Shazia Mansoor1, Muhammad Sohail2*, Saima Aslam3 and Muhammad Nauman ul Islam4
...ys including 10 days for adaptation. Animals were divided into three groups such that each group contain ten animals i.e. group A (NRC recommended diet), group B (4% more CP and 2% more TDN), and group C (conventional grazing). Weekly body weight changes were recorded on digital balance and body condition score was calculated (1-5) on weekly basis. Bodily changes of ewes were significantly higher in group B (1.73±0.13 kg/week) followed by group A (1.22&...
Arjumand Nizami1, Muhammad Zulfiqar2*, Jawad Ali1, Naushad Khan2 and Imran Sheikh3
...17 while post technology adaptation data were collected in December 2018 from the same beneficiary farmers. The data collected were analyzed using MS-Excel. The analysis of the data reflected that although canal water was available but about 80% at head, 50% at middle and 20% at tail. Thus remaining irrigation water requirement i.e. about 20% at head, 50% at middle and 80% at tail was met through tube well operation. The result from before and after AWD techno...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Anam Sarwar2, Muhammad Junaid1, Mirza B. Baig3, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel4 and R. Kirby Barrick5
...regarding climate change adaptation, mitigation and strategies and the deficiency of climate-related skills or competencies. The extension field staff exhibited a confident attitude towards training in the arena of climate change adaptation and mitigation to help close the gap between potential crop yield and average crop yield and to update the living standards of rural societies. Therefore, in-service and pre-service train...
Behram Khan1, Amir Nawaz Khan2, Said Qasim3, Atta-ur Rahman4
ANALYSIS OF HUMAN PERCEPTIONS AND ADAPTATIONS TO FLASH FLOODS IN KHYBER AGENCY, FATA
...he human perceptions and adaptations to recurrent devastating flash floods in Khyber Agency, FATA. The study is mainly based on both primary data sources including field observations, structured questionnaire survey and focus group discussions supported by secondary data sources. Three hundred adult residents in five sample villages along Chora River and its tributaries were interviewed by using a structured questionnaire which covered approximately 20% of the...
Zakeer Ahmed Khan Abbasi* and Allah Nawaz
...re, their climate change adaptations are also far better than those employed by farmers in the developing countries like Pakistan. The climate change awareness obviously determines the nature, quality and strength of climate change adaptations. The current study measures the impact of climate change awareness on climate change adaptation and climate change adaptati...
Ateeq Ahmad1, Umar Hayat2, Shahid Ali2*, Hazrat Bilal3, Naveed Ali2, Khan Mir Khan4 and Khalid Khan4
Descriptive Analysis of Water Resources in Pakistan: A Perspective of Climate Change
...effective climate change adaptation strategies and policies must be taken serious in the country. The government may formulate long term and short term climatic risk strategies to analyze the existing and future effects due to climate change. To avoid water shortage in the country construction of new dames are necessary for future requirement of the country....
Ye Ge1,2,3, Qiucheng Yao1, Hongliang Chai3, Yuping Hua3* and Guohua Deng2*
... help to determine viral adaptation and maintenance in alternative hosts.
...
Zaheer Ahmed Deho*, Saifullah Abro and Muhammad Rizwan
Assessment of Stability for Seed Cotton Yield of Cotton Genotypes Across Different Environmental Conditions of Sindh Province
...th bi (0.98) showed wide adaptation to all environments. CRIS-134 showed regression coefficient (bi 0.714) somewhat close to unity 1.0 can be considered wide adaptable to some extent....
Alam Zeb* and Amanullah Jan
Muhammad Rashid, Mahmood Ahmad Sajid, Nosheen Noor Elahi, Sibgha Noreen and Kausar Hussain Shah*
...are played role in plant adaptations to drought stress. However, antioxidant defense system and lipid peroxidation play a key role in drought tolerance. The current study was intended to investigate physiological adaptations for drought tolerance in different wheat varieties. Three weeks old seedlings of each wheat cultivar were challenged with drought stress by skipping irrigation. After the drought stress of two weeks, pla...
Waseem Khalid1, Ali Ikram1*, Muhammad Rehan2, Farukh Adeem Afzal1, Saadia Ambreen1, Marryam Ahmad3, Afifa Aziz1 and Anam Sadiq1
...e and all this is due to adaptation to climate and various types of soil., Melon is an excellent source of biologically active compounds for humans due to good taste and rich chemical composition. Glucose, fructose, vitamin A, D, C, K, E, and some vitamins from group B are present in melon. Biologically active compounds like tocopherols, phospholipids, and sterols are present in melon seed in a large amount due to which it has a beneficial effect on humans. Co...
Umair Riaz1*, Shazia Iqbal2, Muhammad Irfan Sohail2, Tayyaba Samreen2, Muhammad Ashraf1, Fatima Akmal2, Ayesha Siddiqui3, Ijaz Ahmad4, Muhammad Naveed5, Naveed Iqbal Khan5 and Rao Masood Akhter6
...s several limitations to adaptation as arable crops i.e. lower prices, non-availability of transit markets, underdeveloped cultivation technology, poor availability of cultivation resources and genetic materials and many more. Therefore, MAPs can be cultivated and adopted to various geographical landscapes if facilitated by governments especially in the rural areas of low-income Asian and African countries.
... 
Imrana Khushk1, Abdul Nabi Jatt2, Abdul Sattar Qureshi1*, Choudhary Haider Ali3, Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto1, Imran Ibrahim Khaskheli1, Sartar Iqbal Panhwer1
..., long term evolutionary adaptation was evaluated for ethanol and lactic acid production to overcome the pretreatment inhibitors issue. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Angel was used for the production of ethanol, while, Bacillus coagulans, Pediococcus sp. and Lactobacillus sp. were used for lactic production, respectively. All the microbial strains were inoculated on wheat straw hydrolysate and were monitored with regular interval until stable cell growth, glucose c...
Muhammad Tariq Mahmood1*, Muhmmad Akhtar2, Kaiser Latif Cheema2, Mushtaq Ahmad1, Muhammad Jahanzaib Khalid2, Afzal Zahid2, Muhammad Kashif3 and Zeshan Ali4
...ability and defining the adaptation domains of advance strains is highly imperative for crop genetic improvement programs. The research aimed to determine the yield stability of sixteen advance chickpea strains was carried out at eleven diversified locations across the Punjab province of Pakistan during cropping season 2019-20. GGE biplot and mega environment analysis were employed to identify the most stable and high yielding chickpea advance strains. GGE bip...
Akram I. Aboelkhair1, Ayman H. El-Deeb2, Momtaz A. Shahin1 and Hussein A. Hussein2
...1 day old SPF eggs, then adaptation
on Madin-Derby bovine kidney cell line ( MDBK ); confirmation of LSD isolated virus was done by
using Electron microscopy (EM) on suspension of cell culture passage of the virus, Serological
identification was done by serum neutralization test ( SNT ) using reference antisera which confirm
presence of LSDV . By nucleotide sequences and genetic characterization was conducted on ...
Nusrat Habib
...tribute significantly to adaptation and resilience to climatic extremes. The drivers of their resilience are hard work and diversity of livelihood resources. In changing climate conditions, it is imperative to devise gender-sensitive and region-wise policies and planning....
Gong Xue-na1, Jia Ting2, Zhang Di2 and Zhu Wanlong1*
...iological and behavioral adaptations to cope with seasonal environmental changing, such as temperature, photoperiod, and food etc. To investigate the physiological and behavioral adaptation strategies in Eothenomys miletus of different areas from Hengduan mountain regions in response to high-fat diet, E. miletus in Jianchuan (JC) and Xianggelila (XGLL) were fed a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks and returned to a...
Muhammad Junaid Yousaf 1, Farhad Ali2*and Fawad Ali2
...hows varying effects and adaptations to different concentrations of salt stress (i.e. NaCl) to which it is exposed. When three days old seedlings of maize were subjected to aerial salt stress of concentrations; 0.2%, 0.6% 1.2%, and 2% after a week in soil, the seedlings revealed the antagonistic effects which increased with elevated concentrations of salt stress. The experiment was kept for 5 weeks and the chlorophyll content, relative water contents (RWC), le...
Nasir Ali Tauqir1, Asim Faraz2*, Muhammad Arif1, Abdul Rehman1, Imtiaz Hussain1, Abdul Waheed2, Gabriele Marino3 and Michela Pugliese3
... days were given for the adaptation to new diets while every six days after every month of the remaining period served as collection periods. The intake (% body weight) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), metabolizable energy (ME), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) did not show any treatment effect. However, the intake of rumen un-degradable protein, lysine, methionine, and threonine reduced linearly (P<0.01) with decreasing c...
Nguyen Binh Truong1,2,3*, Nguyen Van Thu3
...s including one week for adaptation and another one for sampling. The results showed that nutrient intakes (kg/animal/day) were similar (P>0.05) among treatments, however DM and OM intakes were numerically higher for the NDF55 treatment compared with the others. Digestibilities (%) of DM and OM were significantly different (P<0.05) among treatments and gradually decreased from the NDF47 to NDF59, however these values between NDF51 and NDF55 were not sign...
Ghulam Abbas, Sultan Mahmood*, Ahsan ul Haq and Haq Nawaz
...in a group for one week (adaptation period). At the start of 25th week of age, these layers were divided into 20 experimental units/replicates (8 layers/ replicate), which were further allotted to five treatment groups (4 replicate/ treatment). Five diets (A, B, C, D and E) were prepared with or without addition of sodium bicarbonate. Diet A, was without sodium bicarbonate and served as control whereas, diets B, C, D, and E contained 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% sod...
Muhammad Niamatullah1, Abdur Rehman1* and Raheel Saqib2
...ct of inputs used on the adaptation of efficient networks of tube well irrigation in Dera Ismail Khan District. The results of the study concluded that those farmers who had used tube well irrigation as a source of irrigation in the area, benefited a great deal, and as a results their per household annual income were found sufficient enough to keep them above poverty line. Most of the farmers were of opinion that after the introduction of tube well irrigation,...
Hams M.A. Mohamed1, Mona A. El-Zamkan2*
... surprising capacity for adaptation to new hosts and antimicrobial resistance, resulting in the spread of infection all over the world, leading to huge health loss. A total of 100 raw milk samples collected from small scale producers, farmers and markets at Qena city, Egypt, were examined for the presence of Streptococcus species. The preliminary identification was confirmed by using VITEK®2 system which revealed the presence of four isolates of S. thoralt...
Ilvir Khabibullin1*, Ruzel Khabibullin1, Irina Mironova1, Lyalya Musina2, Elmira Akhmadullina1, Victoria Morozova1
Adriana Cervantes-Noriega1, Norma A. López2, Alfredo Estrada-Angulo2, Beatriz I. Castro-Pérez2, Elizama Ponce-Barraza2, Gilberto López-Valencia1, Alberto Barreras1, Alejandro Plascencia3*
...rrhea during diet period adaptation, promoting better diet energy utilization, improving weight gain, and HCW and LM area.
Keywords | Water quality, Finishing lambs, Growth-performance, Carcass traits, Diarrhea
...
Muhammad Tahir Latif1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Ayesha Latif2, Majid Hamid Bajwa1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Ali Zohaib1, Naeem Faisal1 and Muhammad Hamza3
...nt (ha yr-1). Hence, the adaptation of MTR would give farmers the opportunity to increase the productivity of rice crop and their farm income by coping the issues like labor scarcity, less plant population, delay in transplanting with more aged nursery, improper fixation of nursery plants in the soil etc. The study results projected mechanically transplanting area (ha) for riding type MT as well as for walk after type MT respectively as 64.78 and 28 annually. ...
Nguyen Binh Truong1,2,3*, Nguyen Van Thu3
...nt consisted of a 7 days adaptation period when crossbred cattle were introduced to the pens and experimental diets (from the result of experiment 1), followed by a 90-day experimental period. Results of the first experiment demonstrated that enhancing NDF percentage in the diets of the cattle from 47 to 59%, the dry matter and organic matter digestibility were gradually reduced (P<0.05), however, there was no significant differences between the NDF47 v&agr...
Samina Malik1, Tahira Jabeen Ursani1, Naheed Mehmood Soomro1, Naeem Tarique Narejo2, Jawaid Ahmed Khokhar1* and Asif Soomro1
...thm is necessary for the adaptation in the environment. In present research diurnal behavior was more frequently found as compared with nocturnal....
Khalid Khan1*, Ahmed Farhan Saeed2, Sanam Wagma Khattak3 and Saima Liaqat4
... are responsible for the adaptation of poultry technologies and their standard practices. The study found that the lack of education, training, availability of credit and information, managerial skills, low income, and market accessibility are the key impediments to the adoption of advanced technologies and standard practices in the poultry business in the district. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy to mention that once the farmer applies improved practices and t...
Lin Li1,2, Pingsheng Ye1, Xi Chen1, Shuping Yan1 and Yuanshu Zhang1*
...valuate liver metabolism adaptation to high-concentrate diet-induced milk fat depression (MFD). Six Saanen dairy goats were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed either a high-forage (HF) diet or a high- concentrate (HC) diet. The high-concentrate diet caused lower milk fat content and milk fat yield, namely induced MFD. While, the net hepatic TG production (portal vein - hepatic vein) significant increase in the HC group (P<0.01) and it was positive value...
Muhammad Jamil1*, Muhammad Hussnain Babar2, Aamir Hussain3, Rana Abdul Hameed Khan3, Hammad Hussnain4 and Saghir Ahmad4
...e of Multan due to micro adaptations. Genotype selection index (GSI: A non-parametric approach to determine yield stability) discriminated ST02 (WEAL-AG-10), ST05 (MNH-1050), ST09 (VH-418) and ST19 (UAM-20) as stable yielder strains bearing the lowest GSI value (11). These strains are important in boosting cotton production hence, their release for general cultivation may be sought from the authorized forum....
Muhammad Mansoor1, Shahid Hameed Khan Khalil2*, Zafar Islam2, Muhammad Asif2, Ghani Akbar2, Muhammad Ashraf Khan3 and Ibadullah Jan4
Onwusiribe Ndubuisi Chigozirim*, Okpokiri Chibuzo Ikechukwu, Agu-Aguiyi Fortune Nneka and Oteh Ogbonnaya Ukeh
...o institutional support, adaptation of climate-smart practices, and the constraints faced by the farmers in adoption and use of the climate-smart practices. A multistage sampling technique was applied in choosing the 270 smallholder farmers in the studied area. Focused group discussions, interview sessions and surveys were used to obtain the required data. For the data analysis, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. The...
Yue Ren1, Ting Jia2, Hao Zhang1, Zhengkun Wang1 and Wanlong Zhu1*
...ctions and physiological adaptation studies of T. belangeri chinensis have been reported in detail. But genetic diversity and skull adaptation within T. belangeri chinensis populations from different habitats remain largely unknown or are controversial. In the present study focuing on T. belangeri chinensis that from Mengla, Puer, Jingdong, Kunmimng, Chuxiong, Dali, Pianma and Lijiang. Using microsatellite approaches, we obs...
Hayrettin Çayiroglu1*, Füsun Coskun1, Hüseyin Çayan1, Ayse Gül Filik2 and Ahmet Sahin1
... of which 7 days are for adaptation and 56 days are for treatment period. Results showed that fenugreek seeds supplementation increased feed intake (2876.4 vs 2716.4 g, P<0.01) and milk yield (1010.6 g vs 879.7 g, P<0.01) in lactating goats. Fat corrected milk yield was higher in F goats (865.2 g) than that of C goats (780.0 g) (P<0.01). Serum glucose, total cholesterol and protein levels were not affected while serum triglyceride level and prolactin ...
Adefunke Fadilat O. Ayinde1*, Peter Allison Johnston2, Olanrewaju Olusoji Olujimi3, Purnamita Dasgupta4 and Dare Akerele5
...od (11.28%). In terms of adaptation measures, 63.4% of the respondents had access to the weather forecast, some (55.4%) utilise it, while 58.4% engaged in artisanship (blue-collar jobs) and vegetable production (63.2%). Lessons on adaptation are critical for putting in place, policies that reduce the vulnerability of arable crop farmers to help to achieve sustainable development goals. The State governments should reintroduc...
Ronny A.V. Tuturoong1*, Sony A. E. Moningkey1 and Nova L.I.M. Ogi2
... day for ten weeks after adaptation. Dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber digestibility (ADFD), NH3 synthesis and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis were analyzed. The highest dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD), NH3 concentration and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (ESPM) were found in T2 group (64.04%, 65.05%, 60....
Effect of Different Management Systems on Growth and Carcass traits of Post Weaned Male Kachhi Lambs
Shakeel Ahmed Tunio1, Muhammad Naeem1*, Atique Ahmed Behan1, Asmatullah Kaka2
...bs were provided 15 days adaptation period, followed by 12 weeks experimental period. The average final body weight was recorded higher (P<0.05) in group B lambs as compared to group A lambs. Moreover, the higher (P<0.05) significant difference was also observed in body conformation with regards to body girth, length, and height of lambs in group B as compared to lambs of group A. The carcass weight and weights of neck, shoulder, thorax, loin and flank, ...
Syed Hilal Sardar1, Yousaf Jamal1*, Iltaf Ullah2, Abdul Basir1, Hidayat Ullah1 and Mukhtar Alam1 and Ikramullah3
...rio crop varietal/hybrid adaptation for a specific region is an eminent concern of agronomists. In this regard the current study aiming to evaluate different maize hybrids (PSHW-201910, PSHW-201911, PSHW-201912, PSHW-201913, PSHW-201914, PSHW-201915, PSHW-201916, PSHW-201917, 30K08 and CS-200) for higher grain yield was carried out at ARI-Tarnab, Peshawar during Kharif-2019. The study was conducted using randomized complete block design with three replications...
Muhammad Saad Waqas, Li Xia, Tian-Ci Yi*, Liang-Yu Sun, Rong Xiao and Dao-Chao Jin*
...the hygienic challenges, adaptation of social living organisms, and demonstrated how sanitary behaviour can result from a combination of evolutionary history. Nest relocation findings suggest that larvae, nymphs and adults adjust relocation patterns based on conditions they faced....
Nasir Ali Tauqir1*, Asim Faraz2, Abdul Waheed2, Ayman Balla Mustafa3, Irfan Shahzad Sheikh4, Michela Pugliese5 and Shahid Nazir6
...of which 10 days were as adaptation period. Daily feed intake and morning-evening milk yield of each animal was recorded. Body weight of the animals was recorded at the start of experiment and fortnightly thereafter. Total collection of urine and feces were performed fortnightly to determine nutrient digestion and nitrogen balance. Blood samples were collected through jugular vein two hours post feeding and were analysed for blood triglycerides concentration, ...
Ahmad Noor and Malik Muhammad Shafi*
...option of climate change adaptation for groundwater resources preservation at district Karak....
Saqib Ali Rustam1, Shoaib Sultan Afridi2, Muhammad Inamullah Malik1*, Shakeeb Ullah1, Syed Muhammad Kamal Shah1, Faiqah Ramzan1, Arsalan Khan3, Israr ud Din3, Wasimullah3, Hafiz Ahmad Raza4
...ion, respectively. After adaptation period of 10 days, the experimental period continued for 35 days. On daily basis, the average intake of feed and increase in weight gain was noted which was statistically not similar [Group A: (947.3± 5.114 and 147.33 ± 2.058), Group B: (964.0 ± 6.233 and 131.91± 1.699), Group C: (1176.7 ± 6.299 and 123.24 ± 1.056) and Group D: (944.7 ±3.065 and 118.28 ± 0.543)]. For gr...
Jing Hu1,2,3 and Zhenhua Ma1,2,3*
...be restored to normal by adaptation. From the perspective of this study, indoor flowing seawater system can be properly opened during typhoons, but attention should be paid to water quality monitoring and to observe whether juvenile hybrid grouper has abnormal behavior....
Comparing Traditional and Contemporary Approaches to Integrated Pest Management in Major Field Crops
Muneer Abbas1*, Sohail Abbas2, Imran Faraz3, Niaz Hussain1, Muhammad Aslam1, Muhammad Irshad1, Mudassar Khaliq1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Zubeda Parveen1, Muhammad Nadeem1, Sana Ullah4* and Malik Akhtar Iqbal5
...challenges posed by pest adaptation and pesticide resistance in the context of climate change, it becomes imperative to consider IPM as a viable solution. Farmers aiming to implement successful IPM programs should prioritize understanding pests, crops, and the environment. Rather than seeking complete pest eradication, the primary objective should be to manage pest populations at acceptable levels. This review article underscores the significance of (IPM) inte...
Syed Nouman Shah1, Anees Ur Rahman1, Abdul Kabir1,2*, Midrar Ullah3, Shahab Ahmad Nawaz1, Muhammad Said1, Abdul Hafeez Bukero1, Maaz Ahmad1 and Muhammad Sadiq1
...ches, and climate change adaptation strategies....
Yafang Wang1,2,3, Fugui Jiang2,3, Haijian Cheng2,3, Yifan Liu2,3, Chen Wei2,3, Ce Liu2,3 and Enliang Song1,2,3*
...d consisted of 7 days of adaptation followed by 120 days of data collection. Calves were fed 6 L/day of milk replacer from 7–60 days, weaned at 60 days, and offered water, starter, and Chinese wildrye ad libitum for the whole trial period. The total dry matter intake of calves were similar among treatments, whereas the final body weight at 120 days (P = 0.084) and average daily gain (P = 0.025) increased with increased ASIV. There were no significant dif...
Muhammad Farooq Bhatti1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Aamir Ali1, Hooria Ashraf Khan1, Rabia Fajar Ali2, Ayesha Muzamil1, Fariha Munir3, Fatima Ijaz1, Rizwan Khurshid3
...e silkworm showed better adaptation and produced a high yield in the local climatic conditions of Pakistan.
Novelty Statement | Sericulture is a declining cottage industry. One of the major limitation faced by the farmers is the availability of most appropriate silk seed that suits the local environmental conditions. This research study suggests that the silkworms of Chinese race are bette...
Syed Nouman shah1, Anees Ur Rahman1, Midrar Ullah2, Shahab Ahmad Nawaz1, Muhammad Said1, Abdul Kabir1,3*, Abdul Hafeez Bukero1, Maaz Ahmad1 and Muhammad Sadiq1
...ches, and climate change adaptation strategies....
Adnan I Khamis1, Jasim Mohammed Saleh2*, Najwa Ali3 and Anwer T Gaffoori2
...lem-solving ability, and adaptation). With the work environment, marketing capabilities, and the ability to create and excel), the study also aimed to identify the determinants that hinder work in agricultural projects. The number is (235) respondents distributed among (5) agricultural divisions, the descriptive approach was used as a method to achieve the objectives of the research. A questionnaire was prepared to collect study data if it included two main ax...
Elena Balarezo1*, Jose Luis Flores1 and Brendan Cullen2
...HT is the most effective adaptation alternative to counteract the effects of climate change on pasture growth. The combined adapted perennial ryegrass DR+HT and the multiple adaptations FCE+DR+HT are the most effective ways to counteract the effects on overall feed consumption. The best adaptation strategy to combat the decline in milk production is to use the multiple
Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Naveed2,3*, Muhammad Shafiq2, Irfan Rasool2 and Muhammad Afzal Zahid2
... grain yield in station, adaptation and national uniform yield trials, respectively. The plants of Noor-2019 are 60-65cm tall, semi-erect, and medium in canopy spread. Its grains are light brown, ram-headed, medium in size with a 100-seed weight of 25 g. Adoption of this cultivar across different climatic regions of Punjab, and other provinces could contribute in attaining self-sufficiency in local chickpea production as well as plummeting import bill....
Tran Trung Tuan1,2, Nguyen Binh Truong1,2*
...3 weeks with 2 weeks for adaptation, followed by 1 week for data collection of feed intake, faeces, and urine to determine the nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention. The goats were weighed on 3 consecutive days at the start and end day of each experimental period. Four treatments were supplied rice wine distillers’ by-product at 0% (RDB0), 5% (RDB5), 10% (RDB10), and 15% (RDB15). The results showed that the amount of CP consumed was significantly...
Alif Rahman Rohim Puarada*, Safika, Agustin Indrawati
...s underscore the complex adaptations within the birds’ gastrointestinal. The study highlights concern regarding the elevated presence of antibiotic resistance genes, particularly those associated with synthetic antibiotics, pointing to potential environmental exposures, including agricultural antibiotic use.
Keywords | AMR genes, Avian gastrointestinal microbiome, Birds of paradise, Shotgun metagenomics
... 
LAILA SHAHZAD*1, ARIFA TAHIR2 & FAIZA SHARIF3
...n help in mitigation and adaptation at local level....
Adriana Beatriz Sánchez-Urdaneta1,2*, Gisela del Carmen Rivero-Maldonado2, Cecilia Beatriz Peña-Valdivia3 and Dianelis del Carmen Sánchez-Urdaneta4
... interpretations for the adaptation of the Opuntia plants to certain extreme environments. This is because a thicker cuticle, epidermis, collenchyma, and parenchyma in these plants can improve survival and growth in arid conditions. At the same time, these characteristics can optimize the efficient use of water, while providing greater protection of the inner tissues. All of the above has applicability for the selection and cultivation of promising geno...
Elie Brigitte Mawussi1*, Arnaud Koffi Assah2, Essozimna Abalo Kulo1
...eveals Saanen dairy goat adaptation to local conditions of southern Togo.
Keywords | Togo, Saanen dairy goat, Adaptation, Reproduction, Milk production, Performance
...
Abdel Satar Arafa
...ly arise initially as an adaptation to poultry which clearly has implication for zoonotic transmission. Inactivated vaccines are the most common vaccines used to control H9N2 viruses, however they have a wide antigenic variability in different lineages.
... 
