Immunomodulatory, Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Bee Venom in Doe Rabbits Under High Ambient Temperature
Immunomodulatory, Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Bee Venom in Doe Rabbits Under High Ambient Temperature
Anhar Ibrahim Elhanafy*, Amr Mohamed Mousa, Amaal Mohamed Kamal
ABSTRACT
The current investigation was conducted to determine how bee venom (BV) affected blood metabolites, hematology, immunity, oxidative stress and thyroid hormones in doe rabbits at high ambient temperature. Forty mature female New Zealand White rabbits (6 months age) were divided into four groups. Three of them (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg/doe) represent different concentrations of BV, while the fourth group was control. Twice weekly injections of does were carried out along 12-weeks. Results revealed that BV treated does were significantly improved RBCs count, WBCs, serum total protein, albumin and globulin concentrations, as compared to control. Upon treatment, a significant decline in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, serum total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and in direct bilirubin, serum creatinine, urea content, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein, and vice versa regarding the high-density lipoprotein concentration was observed, compared to control. Moreover, BV caused a decrement in malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels whilst it enhanced GPx activity, SOD, IgG and IgM, compared to control. Furthermore, BV treated does have significantly higher levels of C3 and C4. Conversely when compared to control, significant reduction in IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α was recorded. In addition, BV treatment led to a significant improvement in T3 and T4 concentrations as detected by the radioimmunoassay technique. Results suggested that BV can be an effectual and safely naturalistic immune stimulator, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant substitute to pharmaceuticals to be applied in rabbit farms. Furthermore, rabbit wellbeing was significantly influenced by injecting < 0.3 mg BV/rabbit twice weekly.
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