Eradication of potato viruses and evaluation of different soil mixtures on minitubers production
Eradication of potato viruses and evaluation of different soil mixtures on minitubers production
Samah A. Mokbel1, Ashraf A. Abd El-Mohsen2
ABSTRACT
Recently production of virus-free potato minitubers is critical. For this purpose, infected tubers with potato leafroll virus (PLRV) or potato virus x (PVX) from two cultivars Spunta or Lady Rosette as demonstrated by serological detection were used as a source for virus-free minitubers production. This achived by subjecting tubers directly to thermotherapy treatment at 36ºC, 37ºC or 38ºC for three weeks which resulting in 50%, 70% or 80% of PLRV-free tubers and 0%, 16.6% or 33.3% of PVX-free tubers respectively. Moreover, no effects on the survival rate of tubers were detected. High percentage (93.1% or 76%) of PLRV- or PVX-free plantlets was achieved with meristem tip excision (0.1-0.2mm) from thermo-treated tubers at (38ºC) with survival rate 96.6% or 83.3% respectively. DAS-ELISA method was applied to the tubers directly, in vitro cultures and young acclimatized plantlets to detect these viruses. After direct transplant of in vitro virus-free plantlets in greenhouse. The statistical analysis showed that cultivars and ratio of bed components and their interaction had insignificant (P>0.05) effects on minituber number and minituber weight. However, ratio of bed components and interaction with cultivars were significantly (P<0.05) affected on minituber diameter. Maximum minituber diameter (13.64 mm) was recorded for Lady Rosette cultivar treated with Vermiculite + Sand (4:1), followed by Spunta cultivar (13.53 mm) applied with Vermiculite + Sand (4:1). Pots received Vermiculite + Sand (4:1), produced highest minituber diameter, while the least minituber was recorded for pots having Peat moss + Sand (4:1).
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